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The past two decades have seen the emergence of new forms of international employee representation within multinational corporations. In EU member states, management in multinationals finds itself having to deal with statutory European works councils (EWCs), while at a more global level some studies show a rise in the number of solidarity networks and cross-border union alliances. These cross-border union alliances can be defined as groups of union organisations from different countries that represent workers from the same multinational for the purpose of enforcing fundamental worker rights. Under the leadership of some global union federations that have recently made their establishment a strategic priority, cross-border union alliances are of growing interest to organisations seeking to counter the negative effects of globalisation and the increasing power of multinationals. While the establishment of such alliances is not a new phenomenon, recent studies suggest that the current context of globalisation is contributing to their resurgence (Barton and Fairbrother 2009; Croucher and Cotton 2009; Greer and Hauptmeier 2008; Bronfenbrenner 2007; Stevis and Boswell 2007; Harrod and O’Brien 2002). They also have the merit of going beyond the deterministic, even defeatist, views of the various obstacles standing in the way of international cooperation between unions by providing a more nuanced understanding of the conditions in which the new union alliances can be effective.
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This chapter seeks to understand the dynamics of cross-border alliances between workplace trade unions from Canada and South America. Its main objectives are twofold: first, to document the process through which unions build and develop alliances in the absence of transnational structures or mechanisms; second, to identify the conditions that foster and sustain relationships between workplace trade unions from different countries. The case studies under investigation here appear particularly interesting because the alliance was launched, developed and sustained on the initiative of work-place trade unions. This type of alliance constitutes a form of transnational trade unionism from below involving local actors. By local actors we mean workplace trade union representatives and staff from industrial unions who support and coordinate action at the plant level.
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This chapter examines how unions have joined in cross-class territorial alliances to shape labour markets, employment relations, public services, and housing markets across a variety of sectors. It analyses various campaigns where attempts were made to make labour markets and employment practices conform to a model that is more conducive to union organisation and bargaining. These initiatives occur in a challenging environment, characterised by the loss of ‘good jobs’ with deindustrialisation and the rise of new business models in the service economy. The authors produce a map of the terrain which would permit decision-making in full view of the variety of strategies available to unions. They identify the common ground between unions and other class actors, class fractions, and the local state, to understand how it is possible for trade unions to advance their priorities in urban and regional governance. The chapter concludes with a reflection on the limits of cross-class alliances and the potential for union strategies beyond the reproduction of capitalist social relations.
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- Bourque, Reynald (1)
- Dufour-Poirier, Mélanie (1)
- MacDonald, Ian (1)
- Murray, Gregor (3)