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This study analyses school theatre practiced at the Congrégation Notre-Dame between 1850 and 1920. We will explore this poorly studied phenomenon as well as its implication in the girls’ gender building at the Congrégation. It is divided in two main sections. In the first, we will look at the reasons why theatre was practiced, while discovering the pedagogic and material objectives which theatre fulfilled in the congregation, after figuring out the origins of this practice by going back to its foundation by Marguerite Bourgeoys. Despite its advantages, theater found a fierce opponent in Mgr Édouard-Charles Fabre. He played an influential role on the practice’s development curve. We will also discuss the morality of feminine school theatre, which was tolerated under some bishops but challenged by Mgr Édouard-Charles Fabre. In the second part of this study, we will seek to understand how theater was practiced by analysing its representations and relative available texts. We will analyze the themes and gender used as well as their reproduction through a study of staging, costumes and decors. By creating this general perspective, we will identify the gender’s elements being proposed to girls and the process by which theater allowed for the integration of these elements.