Universities as change agents in resource-poor local settings: An empirically grounded typology of engagement models - Petersen, Il-haam; Kruss, Glenda (Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 2021)
University-community engagement is emerging as an important channel for social innovation, requiring universities to act as change agents in their local settings. The role of change agent presents new challenges for universities as it requires going beyond institutional borders to collaborate with non-traditional partners such as informal enterprises, and to stimulate and support innovation that may be seen as relevant to a given local setting only. Universities are thus grappling with finding suitable mechanisms and models for engaging in institutional contexts that are vastly different from traditional formal university- and firm-based settings. Based on empirically rich case study research in a South African township, the paper presents new conceptual insights on how universities can catalyse social change in resource-poor local settings through strategically selecting mechanisms and models of engagement that align with locally-embedded institutions, practices and needs. Four types of engagement models are identified, each relate to different models of entrepreneurship and innovation and thus different modes of learning. The typology distinguishes between dominant, traditional knowledge transfer models, and emergent, socially responsive models that show greater promise for promoting collective agency and effecting systemic social change. The typology can be used to assess current practice and inform future strategies.
Keywords: Afrique; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Rapid Community Innovation: a Small Urban Liberal Arts Community Response to COVID-19 - Talmage, Craig Allen; Annear, Christopher; Equinozzi, Kate; Flowers, Kathleen; Hammett, Grace; Jackson, Amy; Kingery, Julie Newman; Lewis, Robin; Makker, Kirin; Platt, Audrey; Schneider, Travis; Turino, Caroline (International Journal of Community Well-Being, 2021)
Stories of community resilience and rapid innovation have emerged during the global pandemic caused by COVID-19. As communities, organizations, and individuals have had to shift modalities during the pandemic, they have identified ways to sustain community well-being. Prior to COVID-19, colleges and universities were hailed as anchors of economic and social resilience and well-being for communities of place. In this light, this commentary highlights stories of rapid community innovation occurring at Hobart & William Smith Colleges in the Finger Lakes region of New York. A series of vignettes are presented showcasing lessons and on-going questions regarding rapid pivots, community values, and diversity and inclusion during (and after) the pandemic. Overall, these insights can inform future local collaborative development efforts post-COVID-19 between colleges/universities and their local community.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités; États-Unis

Shaping social innovation in local communities: The contribution of intermediaries - Cibin, Roberto; Robinson, Sarah; Teli, Maurizio; Linehan, Conor; Maye, Laura; Csíkszentmihályi, Christopher (2020)
Participatory social innovation projects often involve the coming together of design researchers, community development groups, and community members to develop (often technological) solutions to social problems or challenges. “Intermediaries” are specific individuals and organisations who contribute to these projects by translating intentions, values and experiences between design researchers and communities. Previous research has not yet critically examined the role of intermediaries in such projects. This paper does so in a project carried out in rural areas of Europe, which sought to test and develop a technology to support the creation of FM community radio stations in isolated areas. We present the project as a biography of infrastructures to provide an account of intermediaries’ interactions during the project's unfolding. We find that how intermediaries shape the social base and ends of the project, and the interpretation of the technology involved, is influenced by their position, goals, and relationships in the process.
Keywords: Communauté d'innovation; Europe; Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Libre accès; Étude de cas

Why Do Publicly Funded Firms Find the University More Useful to Innovate Than Others? Can We Accomplish the RIS3 Target? - Costa, Joana (Regional Helix Ecosystems and Sustainable Growth: The Interaction of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Technology Transfer, 2020)
The failure of the deterritorialised innovation policy addressing the regions based on the “one-size-fits-all” policymaking made the Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation (RIS3) become the Holy Grail of the European cohesion. This policy strategy is part of a multilevel framework, which encompasses national and regional vectors harmonising transversal strategies and combining different aspects to generate a consistent policy mix. This growth strategy will reinforce the existence of an innovative and knowledge-based society, which aims to raise welfare, promote responsible practices, modernise economic activity and spread prosperity.Sustainable growth will optimise the use of resources, boost the efficiency levels, generate competitiveness and respect the environment. Inclusive growth will promote social and territorial cohesion which is sought after in the convergence policy, which has slowed down the pace after the financial crisis.The development of regional competitive advantages will rely on the establishment of relevant linkages between the Academia and the private institutions in knowledge creation and transfer. In this vein, the University is expected to play a central role, facing important challenges and requiring transformations, mostly in the case of less favoured regions.Productivity raise, construction of comparative advantages, market consolidation and profit maximisation, required to avoid the obsolescence of firms, will rely in the prosecution of innovative activities. Despite being risky, these activities are sought by firms as a source of economic performance increase, being the building blocks of a profit maximisation strategy. The velocity at which innovation occurs will differ among industrial sectors due to their singularities along with other firm structural characteristics, still, those who perform innovative activities are more prone to achieve higher standards of turnover growth and profits. The organisational competences concerning human capital, knowledge absorption, accumulation and diffusion will enhance the innovation capabilities, thus generating advantages. In this path, Universities will be determinant as they may leverage the success of the entrepreneurial innovativeness throughout the provision of relevant knowledge, productive techniques and methods. Absorbing, transforming and exploiting the general knowledge provided by the University will be the firms’ incumbency which will reflect the speed and the success of the individual’s innovative performance. Considering the reinforced role of the Academia as a knowledge producer and therefore inside the innovation process, the existence of incipient connections with firms will be unbearable.What enables and hinders University-firm linkages is, so far, overlooked in the literature demanding for the comprehensive analysis, in particular the causes of its failure, and the accurate policy mix that overcome the situation is vital for a successful RIS3.The singularities of this policy framework require redirection of the tools and actions to be taken such as incentives, grants, loans and subsidisation strategies. Empirical results shed light to the significant difference observed in the classification of the University as a source of information for innovation between public monies recipients and other firms. Among public funding beneficiaries, the Academia is an important source of knowledge to draw upon; conversely, for the other firms, it seems of poor importance the knowledge conveyed in the contact. In general, firms fail to consider the University as a relevant source of information for innovation, which seems to be incompatible with the establishment of smart specialisation strategies.These unexplored connections, which pledge the success of the present innovation policy, and reinforce the importance of its appraisal to fully understand the determinants of University-firm linkages and its connection to public subsidisation, encompassing the identification of the most effective beneficiaries. The econometric estimations, relying on the CIS, were run considering a panel of firms operating in Portugal, which provides the empirical evidence for a moderate innovation milieu which is poorly done so far as most of the studies focus on innovation leader.The findings reinforce the existence complementarities among policy instruments and highlight that new avenues of research should explore other policy instruments such as open innovation frameworks.
Keywords: Europe; Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Innovation ouverte; Réservé UdeM

Technology-transfer offices and academic open labs as different types of organizational intermediaries in science-society relationships - Mérindol, Valérie; Gallié, Emilie Pauline; Capdevila, Ignasi (Gestion 2000, 2018)
Cet article étudie les caractéristiques des structures de transfert technologique et des laboratoires d’innovation ouverte gérés par les universités et organismes de recherche. Il compare leurs rôles comme intermédiaires des relations science–entreprises en fonction des modes 2 et 3 de production des connaissances proposés par Etzkowitz & al (1997) et Carayannis & al (2009). Basée sur une comparaison de cas multiples en France, nous analysons leur rôle dans le développement des relations science-entreprise. Cet article identifie aussi les modes de coordination entre ces deux types d’intermédiaires. Dans certains cas, ils coordonnent leurs activités de manière ponctuelle alors que, dans d’autres cas, la complémentarité de leurs activités s’organise sur la durée.
Keywords: Europe; France; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités; Technologie; Transfert; Valorisation

Knowledge, Learning and Innovation: Research Insights on Cross-Sector Collaborations - Ratten, Vanessa; Braga, Vitor; Marques, Carla Susana (Contributions to Management Science. New York: Springer Nature, Springer, 2018)
Twelve papers examine knowledge, learning, and innovation in order to enhance competitiveness. Papers also explore perspectives of cross-sector collaboration, intrafirm and interfirm connections, gender, and relational marketing. Papers discuss knowledge, learning, and innovation--research into cross-sector collaboration; entrepreneurial competencies and firm performance in emerging economies--a study of women entrepreneurs in Malaysia; whether online cocreation influences lead users' and opinion leaders' behaviors; knowledge and innovation in Portuguese enterprises; social ties and human capital in family small- and medium-sized entrepreneurial internationalization; perceived social support and social entrepreneurship--gender perspectives from Turkey; entrepreneurship challenges and gender issues in the African informal rural economy; the construction of a professional identity of a female entrepreneur; knowledge creation and relationship marketing in family businesses--a case-study approach; the gender question and family entrepreneurship research; a composite-index approach to detecting reporting quality--the case of female executives in family firms; and influencing factors in customers' intention to revisit resort hotels--the roles of customer experience management and customer value. Ratten is Associate Professor at La Trobe University. Braga is Associate Professor of the Technology and Management at the Polytechnic Institute of Porto. Marques is Assistant Professor and Coordinator of the Innovation, Markets and Organization Research Group in the Centre for Transdisciplinary Development Studies at the University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro. No index.
Keywords: Europe; Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Réservé UdeM; Étude de cas

D’un espace de recherche à un espace de production cognitive - Bussières, Denis (La transformation sociale par l'innovation sociale, 2016)
Notre présentation porte sur la relation partenariale qui prend forme entre des praticiens et des chercheurs dans le cadre de recherches impliquant une relation étroite entre ces deux acteurs. Dans la littérature, ce type de recherche se retrouve sous des dénominations différentes : recherche collaborative, recherche-action, recherche partenariale, recherche participative. Ces dénominations impliquent une relation étroite entre chercheurs et praticiens tout au long du processus de recherche. Cette collaboration est concrétisée par le terme de coconstruction des connaissances dont se réclament ces différentes appellations. Nous postulons que cet espace de production cognitive repose sur un dialogue
Keywords: Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Réservé UdeM

Social innovation governance and the role of universities: Cases of quadruple helix partnerships in Italy - Bellandi, Marco; Donati, Letizia; Cataneo, Alessandra (Technological Forecasting and Social Change)
This paper explores the governance of social innovation throughout quadruple helix partnerships between civil society, business, government, and academic actors. Particular attention is given to the participation of universities in such partnerships as an expression of public and community engagement under broad third mission goals. Quadruple helix partnerships may favour the governance of projects aiming at social innovation, but conflicts and drawbacks can hinder the alignment of partners’ contributions. To tackle this issue, we develop a conceptual framework that points out four key phases in such governance processes: i) identification of a common nexus, ii) building of shared strategies, iii) implementation, and iv) learning feedbacks. We apply this framework to three Italian projects under the new EU Urban innovative actions’ program. Different alignment pathways and barriers in the governance process emerge and are discussed. The results show that quadruple helix partnerships for social innovation work smoothly if a solid common nexus between partners is in place. The University is used as a focal actor to understand the mechanisms underpinning each phase and the role it may play in such partnerships.
Keywords: Europe; Gouvernance; Innovation sociale; Partenariat; Quadruple helix approach; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Cognit - U15 (Cognit.ca)
Cognit.ca is a tool for businesses, non-profits, governments and others who want to access the experts, facilities and/or intellectual property that exists on campuses across Canada. Cognit.ca does this by analyzing over 200,000 research projects, hundreds of facilities and more than ten of thousand of pieces of IP to identify the most relevant institutions, researchers, facilities and licensing opportunities for a given search term. COGNIT.CA was originally created by The U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities as part of a larger set of initiatives to increase the impact of Canadian university research. It is now developed in partnership with Universities Canada, collaboration with the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) and with the support of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), and Mitacs. At this time, the platform connects to the awards databases of CIHR, NSERC and the SSHRC, as well as CFI’s Research Facilities Navigator. In addition, COGNIT.CA provides a catalogue of current licensing opportunities from Canadian post-secondary institutions as well as a listing of patents filed for by Canadian post-secondary researchers and institutions.
Keywords: Base de données; Licences d'exploitation; Subventions

¿Son las universidades socialmente responsables? - Valle, Maria Belén Arias; Berbegal-Mirabent, Jasmina; Marimon-Viadiu, Frederic (education policy analysis archives, 2021)
The importance of university social responsibility (USR) is given by the commitment assumed by the university towards its stakeholders. This study aims at providing new insights on this topic, by analyzing the level of performance in USR that universities communicate. To this end, a structured procedure in five phases is proposed, analyzing elements of the strategic direction and considering the use of USR indicators which are grouped in the four main areas of impact (organizational, educational, cognitive and social). To do this, a qualitative approach has been followed, supported by the use of text analysis software as well as by frequency and spider diagrams. To illustrate its use and the type of analysis it allows, the procedure is applied to the case of the Catalan higher education system, presenting the results at different levels. The study ends with the discussion of the implications, a list of recommendations and suggestion for future works.
Keywords: Europe; Libre accès; Rôle des universités

Why do universities have little systemic impact with social innovation? An institutional logics perspective - Cinar, Ridvan; Benneworth, Paul (Growth & Change, 2021)
Social innovation has been increasingly regarded as an instrument through which transformative structural change, necessary to address grand societal challenges can be achieved. Social innovations are encouraged by the emergence of innovation systems that support changes not exclusively driven by a techno-economic rationality. In the context of this special issue, there has been both little understanding of social innovation systems within mainstream innovation ecosystem approaches and little analysis of the roles played by universities in social innovation systems. We here focus on the institutional complexity of universities and their field-level dynamics as serving as a potential break on the institutionalisation of social innovation. To deepen our understanding of this, we utilise a literature around institutional logics to foreground characteristics of organisational fields with regard to social innovation. Drawing on empirical data gathered in two public universities located in different countries, we show that in one case the potential of social innovation is undermined by two dominant institutional logics, in the other its permeation across the organisational field is seriously challenged by a more powerful dominant logic. The institutional logic approach is useful to highlighting the barriers to building productive innovation ecosystems incorporating social considerations, and helps to explain the persistent difficulties in reframing ecosystems approaches to reflect wider societal dynamics.
Keywords: Europe; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

La transition numérique des structures œuvrant au service de l’intérêt général peut-elle augmenter leur impact social ? - Sibieude, Thierry; Leclerc, Élise (Question(s) de management, 2021)
Quelles sont les conditions de la maximisation de l’impact, et notamment sa pérennisation, du mécénat de compétence tech au profit des organisations dont la mission relève directement et prioritairement de la gestion du bien commun au service de l’intérêt général ? Telle est la question de recherche que la Fondation Devoteam a posée à l’ESSEC au moment de la mise en place de son programme #TechFor-People, afin de s’assurer de la pertinence de ce programme pour répondre aux besoins sur le long terme des structures de l’ESS (Économie Sociale et Solidaire) en transformation digitale. Afin de répondre à cette problématique l’ESSEC a réalisé une évaluation d’impact social fondée sur les cadres théoriques de la théorie du changement et de la théorie des parties prenantes, avec l’analyse de besoin, une collecte de données qualitatives ex-ante ainsi qu’une collecte de données quantitative ex-ante et ex-post. L’analyse de ces collectes révèle une dichotomie spécifique aux structures de l’ESS utilisant le programme que nous avons catégorisées en Tech Driven d’une part, ou Tech Powered d’autre part, avec des besoins et des conditions de pérennisation spécifiques en fonction de la catégorie qui leur correspond.
Keywords: Mesure d'impact; Parties prenantes; Réservé UdeM; Théorie du changement

Unpacking the role of universities in the emergence, development and impact of social innovations – A systematic review of the literature - Bayuo, Blaise Booponoyeng; Chaminade, Cristina; Göransson, Bo (Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2020)
Widening income and knowledge inequalities have led to growing expectations for universities to integrate social innovation in their core missions as a response to societal problems. This systematic review of literature provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of knowledge on the role of the university in enabling social innovation through its missions of teaching, research and third mission. It also identifies knowledge gaps in the field. A bibliometric approach wasused to identify and analyze books, journal articles and reports examining factors driving social innovation activities at universities, organizational and insitutional change to accommodate such activities as well as their impact. The review reveals that the literature on university engagement in socially-oriented activities as part of the third mission of the university is conceptually well developed and a growing field of inquiry. It also points to gaps in the knowledge base; relatively few studies address issues related to institutional change and incentive structures that influences the ability of universities to engage in social innovation. Likewise, impact studies on social innovation activities at universities are scarce. Further research that builds an impact measurement framework would support the process of integrating social innovation activities in the three missions of the university.
Keywords: Innovation sociale; Mesure d'impact; Recherche; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités; Université

How to measure the impact of social innovation initiatives? - Cunha, Jorge; Benneworth, Paul (International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 2020)
Academic literature about the idea of social innovation grew sharply over the last decade, with researchers trying to define its concept and presenting several examples of successful social innovations. However, to support the development of social innovation initiatives is important to have a conceptual framework that allows evaluating its true impact. The purpose of this paper is to identify the boundary conditions for an effective set of social innovation indicators, which will help to have a more informed decision-making process. The main conclusion is that the impact of social innovations can be conceived as a set of results that manifests itself through different time periods, at different spatial scales, and must take into account the value experienced by all stakeholders involved. Thus, since a positive social innovation outcome depends on diverse factors and conditions, being most often context-dependent, it means that rather than imposing a specific set of indicators, based on a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach a measuring process procedure should be adopted to assess the impact of social innovations.
Keywords: Mesure d'impact; Université; Version libre-accès Open Repository

Knowledge transfer for frugal innovation: where do entrepreneurial universities stand? - Fischer, Bruno; Guerrero, Maribel; Guimón, José; Schaeffer, Paola Rücker (Journal of Knowledge Management, 2020)
Frugal innovation has gained prominence based on its potential contribution to sustainable development and the new opportunities that it offers to low-income customers. This paper aims to analyse the strategic knowledge transfer practices implemented by an entrepreneurial university for fostering frugal innovations within an emerging economy. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a case study methodological approach. The selected case was the University of Campinas (Unicamp), one of the leading universities in Brazil in terms of research quality and technology transfer. The study built upon 14 interviews with key informants and secondary sources of data (official and public documents). Findings The findings highlight the multidimensional dynamics of frugal innovations arising from university–industry relationships. Key dimensions considered include the internal capabilities of universities to foster frugal innovations and connect them to markets, the surrounding innovation ecosystems in which the university is embedded and the overarching institutional framework. Research limitations/implications The analysis of strategic management practices for frugal innovation requires an evolutionary perspective, but the findings lacked sufficient longitudinal information for a formal evaluation. Also, as our empirical analysis is based on an in-depth case study of one university, further validation in other contexts would be necessary. Practical implications This study offers new insights regarding the effectiveness of university-business collaboration partnerships for developing frugal innovations in emerging economies. Policymakers should promote societal programs enhancing the active participation of all agents involved in the entrepreneurial and innovation ecosystem. University managers should understand the challenges and the opportunities behind the adoption of an inclusive and societal orientation. Social implications By adopting frugal innovation practices, universities can enhance their contribution of meeting the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Originality/value The literature on frugal innovation has emphasized the importance of networking between different types of firms, NGOs and governments, but the role of universities in frugal innovation remains mostly unexplored. This study addresses this gap by exploring how entrepreneurial universities participate in frugal innovations to meet societal challenges.
Keywords: Brésil; Innovation frugale; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Measuring Innovation Everywhere: The Challenge of Better Policy, Learning, Evaluation and Monitoring - Gault, Fred (Cheltenham, UK:Elgar, 2020)
Discusses the measurement of innovation and the use of the resulting indicators to shape policy, exploring whether innovation can be measured everywhere, not just in the business sector, in a rapidly changing world. Reviews systems, innovation, and innovation policy. Details current innovation policies. Describes scoreboards and their use for monitoring existing innovation policy. Focuses on the implementation of innovation policy. Presents the general definition of innovation applicable in all economic sectors and considers the importance of language in the innovation discourse. Provides the conceptual framework for the specification of the statistical measurement of innovation. Addresses non-sector-specific innovation in the informal economy, green economy, social innovation, and innovation resulting from the use of general-purpose technologies. Examines global challenges for innovation such as sustainability restrictions. Considers the future of innovation in the digital economy, informal economy, and social innovation. Gault is Professorial Fellow at UNU-MERIT, Professor Extraordinary at Tshwane University of Technology, and Visiting Professor at the University of Johannesburg. Index.
Keywords: Mesure d'impact; Réservé UdeM

Is measuring social innovation a mission impossible? - Mihci, Hakan (Innovation, 2020)
The main aim of the paper is to question the viability of measuring social innovation with the current state of knowledge on the one hand, and to make suggestions for better measurement of it on the other. To reach this aim, the literature on the traditional measures of technological innovation and the previous attempts of measuring social innovation is surveyed. Despite relatively narrow scope of the literature mainly originated from the very recent and pioneer experiments, one may argue that the first findings do not present a promising picture for future studies. Therefore, existing trials to measure social innovation have to be critically screened to ascertain problematic areas, and hence, to provide plausible solutions. The problems with social innovation metrics are not only limited with obtaining concrete and trustworthy results, but also extended to statistical, methodological and even conceptual spheres.
Keywords: Indicateur; Innovation; Innovation sociale; Innovation technologique; Mesure d'impact; Réservé UdeM

Mesurer l’impact de l’innovation sociale : quelles perspectives en dehors de la théorie du changement ? - Besançon, Emmanuelle; Chochoy, Nicolas (RECMA, 2019)
La mesure de l’impact social est devenue un sujet majeur dans le débat relatif au financement de l’innovation sociale. Plusieurs rapports de référence ont été publiés dans ce sens. Ces travaux récents, en s’inscrivant tous dans le cadre logique de la gestion axée sur les résultats (GAR), également appelée « théorie du changement », renouvellent la construction d’une relation problématique : le lien causal et la mesure de sa preuve. À partir d’une approche institutionnaliste de l’innovation sociale, cet article expose les impasses de la GAR dans l’évaluation des innovations sociales et souligne que d’autres voies sont possibles. Les auteurs proposent ainsi de placer l’aspiration sociale au cœur du processus d’évaluation.
Keywords: Gestion axée sur les résultats; Mesure d'impact; Réservé UdeM

Academic Entrepreneurship for Social Innovation in Taiwan: The Cases of the OurCityLove Platform and the Forest App - Chan-Yuan, Wong; Ying-Che, Hsieh; Ching-Yan, Wu; Mei-Chih, Hu (Science, Technology & Society, 2019)
This study attempts to extend the definition of social innovation within the context of academic entrepreneurship. We consider how academic entrepreneurs can undertake commercial activities, and which ones, and how these activities contribute to the contexts of social innovation. We explore two cases that are derived from two premier universities in Taiwan in terms of research and academic entrepreneurship: OurCityLove from National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) and the Forest app from National Tsing Hua University (NTHU). The two cases show how social enterprises achieved the financial ability to expand their businesses and create the desired social values. While the first case, derived from NCTU, focused on providing useful information on social spaces, and services for the elderly, parents traveling with babies and those with disabilities (and also creating job opportunities for the latter), the other from NTHU created an app to influence those addicted to playing with their smartphones. The cases illustrate how the two universities capitalised on their technological competencies and academic programmes to support graduates and researchers in venturing into social entrepreneurship.
Keywords: Asie; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Building the Ecosystem for Social Entrepreneurship: University Social Enterprise Cases in Singapore - Cheah, Sarah; Yuen-Ping, Ho (Science, Technology & Society, 2019)
There has been limited study on the role of the startup ecosystem in social entrepreneurship. This article addresses the gap by applying a theoretical framework of startup ecosystem to two social enterprises originating from a Singapore university, examining how they engage with stakeholders to create social impact. WateRoam Pte Ltd is a water innovation startup that deploys cost-effective water filtration solutions to rural communities and disaster-hit locations. Tware is a wearable technology startup with a range of therapeutic products for individuals with autism, stress or anxiety. The two cases provide insights on the ecosystem for social ventures in Singapore. The Finance domain is identified as a potential area of improvement, as there is uncertainty on the appropriate growth trajectory for funding. University incubation and mentor networks are found to be pivotal in extending the Markets domain. Finally, this study highlights the Supports domain in the form of university R&D facilities and accelerator programmes that have been instrumental in strengthening connections. Extending beyond the university context, it is evident that infrastructural resources in the ecosystem are crucial. Policymakers may draw on the experience of countries, like Israel, which have successfully built such support facilities to nurture innovation-based social enterprises.
Keywords: Asie; Réservé UdeM; Startup ecosystem

Measurement System for the Analysis of Social Innovation in Projects - Martez, Nuvia; Dieste, Eugenia (2019 7th International Engineering, Sciences and Technology Conference (IESTEC), 2019)
Recent studies regarding Social Innovation (SI) represent a small percentage of the academic research, and as a consequence the methodologies, focuses, and practices about this topic have not been consolidated. The social innovations generate intangible benefits, mainly qualitative, which makes it difficult to evaluate, even though few authors have indicated the distinguishable characteristics of SI there is not consensus about how to measure it. This document presents the results of a research project with the main objective of identifying the criteria distinguishing SI, and to propose a tool to facilitate its measurement, tracing, and potential assessment. A systematic criteria revision was performed along with a comparative study of eight SI projects from Latin America, prioritizing such criteria. With this information a proposal was developed, including the criteria, associated questions and ponderations. In order to validate the utility of this tool, the evaluation of the project "Implementation of a Solar-Eolic hybrid system in a school in remoted and insolated areas" was performed. The evaluation process allowed to inquire and discover the weaknesses and to explore the limiting causes for every criterion, giving place for recommendations directed to the developers and beneficiaries of the project. Throughout this tool it can be determined whether a project can be considered a successful SI or not; in case of not being successful, the method exerts a simple view of the characteristics that need improvement.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Mesure d'impact; Réservé UdeM

Know Your Impact (and in Praise of Better Borrowing) - Mulgan Geoff (Social Innovation: How Societies Find the Power to Change, 2019)
This chapter is about evidence and whether we can, or should, know our impact, the effect we have in the world. It addresses the difficulties as well as the possibilities of evidence for innovators and politicians, civil servants and head teachers, charities and doctors. I also touch on the question at the level of daily life, the moral question of whether we help those around us to be healthier, happier and more prosperous. Knowing our own impacts is, I argue, as much a moral prerogative as the traditional philosophical injunction of knowing ourselves.The enlightenment storyMany of us imbibed from an early age what can be called the enlightenment story. In this story new knowledge is steadily accumulated, mainly in universities and from academic journals. Theories are invented, tested, refuted and then improved. Scepticism helps to refine them and, as Wittgenstein wrote, the child first learns belief and only then learns doubt. You could say that at school we learn knowledge, and then at university we learn to question that knowledge.Belief is strengthened precisely because it has already been knocked down. And so, accumulating knowledge shows that this medicine, that economic policy or this teaching method works and many others don’t. The successful method then spreads, because when you design a better mousetrap the world beats a path to your door. It spreads because people are rational and want to do better and are persuaded by evidence. And so, the world progresses. Light replaces darkness. Effective solutions displace failed ones.It's easy to mock the enlightenment story. The sociologists of science have shown a much messier pattern of change – full of barriers, wilful resistance and peer pressure. But the old enlightenment story contains a good deal of truth and is preferable to the alternatives. Because of intense pressures to act on evidence, and habits of doubt among maintenance staff and engineers, aircraft do not drop out of the sky. Smoking made the slow progress from evidence of harm, through taxes and warnings to full-scale bans, and millions of lives were saved.Experimental methods have been used for many decades.
Keywords: Mesure d'impact; Réservé UdeM

The Evolution of Measures That Matter: How Do We Know If Social Innovation is Working? - Mulgan, Geoff (Social Innovation: How Societies Find the Power to Change, 2019)
In the kingdom of ends everything has either a price or a dignity. What has a price can be replaced by something else as its equivalent; what on the other hand is raised above all price and therefore admits of no equivalent has a dignity.One of the fascinating features of the history of science is how often new ways of seeing preceded new insights. The achromatic-lens microscope in the early 19th century paved the way for germ theory, and X-ray crystallography in the early 20th century played a vital role in the later discovery of the structure of DNA. In the same way flows of data – for example, about how people move around a city, or how blood cells change – can prompt new insights.But how important is measurement to social change? Many people are attracted to metrics and indices of all kinds. But, as my colleague Mark Moore used to warn, ‘do you really think the leaders of the Civil Rights Movement were counting the placards or measuring the decibels of their cries for human rights?’ In social change, as in our own daily lives, measurement often feels inappropriate for the things that matter most.This chapter examines some of the history of social observation as a tool for public policy, social innovation and social change, and I suggest where it might lead in the future. Without some means of measurement, it can be hard to know if a social innovation is good. It may feel good to the beneficiaries – but still be less effective than an alternative. Or it may work well for one group but not another. And, even if it may not be appropriate to measure the passions of movements, once these ideas become part of the mainstream, and are transformed into the cool logic of laws, regulations and programmes, measurements do start to matter a lot, as the Civil Rights Movement discovered.A short history of measurementFor centuries, governments have sought to map and measure social phenomena in order to better exercise control over them. In the modern era these attempts can be traced back to figures like Sir William Petty in England and the cameralists in Prussia.
Keywords: Mesure d'impact; Réservé UdeM

Open social innovation dynamics and impact: exploratory study of a fab lab network - Rayna, Thierry; Striukova, Ludmila (R&D Management, 2019)
The aim of this research is to explore the dynamics and impact of open social innovation, within the context of fab labs and makerspaces. Using an exploratory methodology based on 12 semi-structured interviews of fab lab founders belonging to The Centres for Maker Innovation and Technology (CMIT) programme – a network of 170 fab labs located in Eastern Europe – this research explores the impact of an adopting an open approach in relation to the different stages of social innovation (prompts, proposals, prototypes, sustaining, scaling and diffusion, systemic change) as well as social impact. The main results of this study are that while the CMIT programme provided each fab lab with similar initial conditions (identical funding, objectives and rules), the open social innovation approached adopted enabled to give birth to a wide diversity of fab labs, each being very well adapted to the local environment, social needs and constraints and able to deliver social impact in just a matter of years; a result that would be hard to achieve with a centralised top-down approach. The study identified three types of CMITs – Education, Industry and Residential – which could be similar or different depending on the stage of social open innovation. Furthermore, this paper discusses the main difficulties social entrepreneurs encounter as a part of the open social innovation process, as well as means to overcome them. In this respect, this study adds to the literature on fab labs by providing more comprehensive view of the challenges faced by fab labs (and makerspaces) founders, as well as suggestions of strategies enabling to ensure their long-term sustainability.
Keywords: Innovation ouverte; Laboratoire vivant; Living Labs; Mesure d'impact; Réservé UdeM

Innovations in Multistakeholder Partnerships for Sustainable Development: Fostering State–University–Community Nexus - Shaban, Abdul; Narnaware, Prashant B. (People-Centered Social Innovation, 2019)
This chapter shows that there is a possibility of fostering an enabling and innovative multistakeholder partnership for creating sustainable impact and transformative change with local communities. It argues that the collaborative efforts among district administration, educational institutions and civil society groups in supporting innovation and entrepreneurship can play an extremely important role in livelihood security and empowerment of marginalized sections. The chapter outlines the transformation of a marginalized and underdeveloped district of India. It presents a background of the district with a focus on farmers’ distress and discusses the mode of organization of elites and marginalized peoples under welfare and neoliberal regimes. The chapter also outlines the impact that state–university engagement on the communities. The neoliberal regime made the elite-based cooperatives ineffective, as they came under mismanagement and overexploitation by those in power. Neoliberal reform introduced a new vulnerability among Indian farmers, especially in certain states, such as Maharashtra.
Keywords: Asie; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Social entrepreneurship gains ground on Canadian campuses - SHEN, ANQI (University Affairs, 2018)
An array of new programs gives students an opportunity to tackle issues of importance to their local communities.
Keywords: Canada; Libre accès; Magazine; Mise en valeur

Mature Social Economy Enterprise and Social Innovation: The Case of the Desjardins Environmental Fund - Vézina, Martine; Malo, Marie-Claire; Ben Selma, Majdi (Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 2017)
This study seeks to understand the nature and process of social innovation driven by mature social economy enterprises, and the innovative capability that supports it. The research examines enterprise capabilities by means of the institutional approach to social innovation and the Resource-Based View theory (RBV). Based on grounded theory, this research focuses on a single case, the creation of the Desjardins Environment Fund (DEF). Launched 25 years ago,1 DEF is the first mutual fund in North America to include extra-financial criteria in its evaluation of business environmental management practices (fund securities) for the information of individual investors. The findings of this empirical research show how a major cooperative bank can generate social innovation and how this entails organizational innovations. The findings also reveal how these innovations benefit from the strategic and process resources that the Desjardins Movement managed to develop while taking into account both its core business (as a bank) and its purpose (as a cooperative). This study shows that the innovative potential of the mature social economy enterprise should not be underestimated.
Keywords: Canada; Mesure d'impact; Resource-Based View theory (RBV); Réservé UdeM

Universities as Drivers of Social Innovation: Theoretical Overview and Lessons from the "campUS" Research - Fassi, Davide; Landoni, Paolo; Piredda, Francesca; Salvadeo, Pierluigi (Research for development, 2020)
Reviews the social role of universities in the urban context Covers themes and models of major interest Explains how to ensure a legacy of grassroots initiatives
Keywords: Mise en valeur; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Analysis of Structural Elements to Promote Social Innovation in Panama - Alvarez Z., Marta A.; Moreno, Sidia (2019 7th International Engineering, Sciences and Technology Conference (IESTEC), 2019)
This work compares in a comparative way some advances in the promotion and management of Social Innovation adopted by four Latin American countries, including Panama, in order to generate more knowledge to promote the strengthening and design of new public policies in this ambit. Panama is in the incipient stage of Social Innovation management, compared to the other three countries analyzed: Colombia, Costa Rica and Chile. Among the structural elements addressed are: regulations, the degree of institutionality, mechanisms and incentives to promote social innovation projects and good institutionalized practices. Since 2014, Panama shows its interest and advances in the subject, in the academic and university academic sectors, which can take advantage of social innovation to obtain a greater impact in the country and promote a more inclusive social development. Colombia began efforts to promote Social Innovation in 2007, Chile and Costa Rica in 2014, as well as Panama. These three countries have a higher level of progress in the elements analyzed in their Social Innovation ecosystems than Panama, however, they do not have enough mechanisms to clearly identify the failures that prevent the strengthening of the culture of social innovation and, therefore, the establishment of much more effective public policies.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Mise en valeur; Réservé UdeM

Strategies and best practices in social innovation: an institutional perspective - Peris-Ortiz, Marta; Gómez, Jaime Alonso; Marquez, Patricia (Springer, 2018)
Presents different ways to design and develop social innovations in businesses and organizations Highlights elements of social innovation in higher education Examines social innovation in practice Features case studies from different regions around the world
Keywords: Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Mise en valeur; Réservé UdeM; UK

Ethical Issues with Using Internet of Things Devices in Citizen Science Research: A Scoping Review - Scheibner, James; Jobin, Anna; Vayena, Effy (Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2021)
Digital innovation is ever more present and increasingly integrated into citizen science research. However, smartphones and other connected devices come with specific features and characteristics and, in consequence, raise particular ethical issues. This article addresses this important intersection of citizen science and the Internet of Things by focusing on how such ethical issues are communicated in scholarly literature. To answer this research question, this article presents a scoping review of published scientific studies or case studies of scientific studies that utilize both citizen scientists and Internet of Things devices. Specifically, this scoping review protocol retrieved studies where the authors had included at least a short discussion of the ethical issues encountered during the research process. A full text analysis of relevant articles conducted inductively and deductively identified three main categories of ethical issues being communicated: autonomy and data privacy, data quality, and intellectual property. Based on these categories, this review offers an overview of the legal and social innovation implications raised. This review also provides recommendations for researchers who wish to innovatively integrate citizen scientists and Internet of Things devices into their research based on the strategies researchers took to resolve these ethical issues.
Keywords: Internet des objets; Libre accès

The Ethics of Entrepreneurial Shared Value - Osorio-Vega, Patricio (Journal of Business Ethics, 2019)
In the business ethics literature, the growing interest in social entrepreneurship has remained limited to the assumption that pursuing a social mission will clash against the pursuit of associated economic achievements. This ignores recent developments in the social entrepreneurship literature which show that social missions and economic achievement can also have a mutually constitutive relation. We address this gap adopting the notion of shared value (SV) for an ethical inquiry of social entrepreneurship. Using a sensemaking framework, we assume that the emergence of SV propositions can be captured through the analysis of how social entrepreneurs make sense of events of change, selecting the journey of three exemplar cases for an inductive empirical inquiry. From our findings, we propose three themes for further examination. First, the ethical groundings of entrepreneurial SV are mostly shaped by idiosyncratic imperatives that inform both social mission and economic gain from the onset. Second, the ethical groundings of entrepreneurial SV will be likely operationalised as a filtering device, which allows for resilience as well as potentially detrimental blind spots. And third, the ethical groundings of entrepreneurial SV are expressed through ongoing transparency. Whilst there are agendas, these are not necessarily hidden but instead are likely put on show for the scrutiny of markets and communities. We hope that this evidence can add more light to our still modest understanding of the ethical groundings of social entrepreneurship.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

Chapitre 7. Les méthodes de codesign : une ressource capacitante ? - Obœuf, Alexandre; Aiguier, Grégory; Loute, Alain (Journal international de bioéthique et d'éthique des sciences, 2016)
Afin de réfléchir à la relation dans le soin et son apprentissage, dix-sept personnes sont sollicitées pour participer à une journée de codesign. Cette méthodologie consiste, par une succession d’exercices protocolisés, à favoriser la créativité du groupe via une démarche d’intelligence collective. L’article vise à réfléchir aux conditions par lesquelles une telle méthodologie peut devenir une ressource capacitante pour penser l’apprentissage de l’éthique. Le présent travail souligne notamment la place centrale de l’affectivité dans la construction du climat d’innovation et dans le mécanisme de la pensée divergente. L’article ouvre in fine de nouveaux questionnements sur l’articulation des exercices, l’affectivité, le rôle de l’animateur ou encore celui de l’usager. Les perspectives de recherches invitent à un décloisonnement disciplinaire.
Keywords: Co-construction; Co-création; Co-design; France; Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Réservé UdeM

Chaire In.SITU en stratégies intégrées Transports-Urbanisme - Chair In.SITU, ESG USQAM (Chaire In.SITU Innovations en stratégies intégrées transport-urbanisme, 2021)
Site de la Chaire In.SITU | Recherche-innovation en stratégies intégrées Transports-Urbanisme de l'ESG UQAM Accès à des publications académiques, rapports et études, et les Cahiers In.SITU Cahier 1 - Les conditions de réussite d’un TOD : Retour sur la journée de réflexion du 28 janvier 2016 (TOD : transit-oriented development) Cahier 2 - Vivre et se déplacer, d’hier à aujourd’hui Montréal et Boucherville en exemples Cahier 3 - Portrait des disparités en matière de mobilité dans l’agglomération de Montréal Cahier 4 - Étude sur les facteurs et politiques de mobilité durable : le cas de la dépossession et réduction de l’usage de l’automobile Cahier 5 - La gestion de la demande : Revue des pratiques Cahier 6 - Inventaire illustré et raisonné de la gestion de la demande Cahier 7 - La gestion de la demande : analyse critique d’un registre d’action collective
Keywords: Développement Durable-Responsabilité Sociale (DD-RS); Libre accès; Mobilité; Montréal; Québec; Transport; Urbanisme

Favoriser l’innovation dans le secteur public québécois - Bernier, Luc (2019)

Pour l'innovation inclusive : Nouvelles idées et nouveaux partenariats pour des collectivités plus fortes - Canada, Emploi et Développement social (2018)
Titre officiel : Recommandations du Groupe directeur chargé de la co-création de la stratégie d'innovation sociale et de finance sociale Le Canada est une terre d'innovateurs. Notre pays a une riche tradition d'innovation à des fins sociales et environnementales, que l'on pense aux peuples autochtones dont les sociétés ont prospéré grâce à l'interdépendance de leur culture et à leur ingéniosité, aux caisses populaires établies au tournant du 20e siècle pour assurer l'accès au crédit dans leur région ou encore aux premiers réseaux de bénévoles et de donateurs qui ont fait leur apparition pendant la Première Guerre mondiale pour recueillir les fonds à l'appui de leurs collectivités. Aujourd'hui, plus que jamais, nous devons tirer parti de cet esprit novateur. Les défis sociaux, économiques et environnementaux complexes auxquels fait face notre pays – l'itinérance, les changements climatiques, l'emploi des jeunes et la crise des opioïdes, pour ne nommer que ceux-là – exigent de la créativité et des solutions transformatrices. Si nous voulons faire mieux, il nous incombe de travailler différemment.
Keywords: Autochtone; Canada; Finance sociale; Innovation inclusive; Innovation sociale; Libre accès; Publication gouvernementale; Recommandations; Science politique; Économie sociale

Innovation sociale et innovation technologique L'apport de la recherche en sciences sociales et humaines - Conseil de la science et de la technologie Innovation sociale et innovation technologique L'apport de la recherche en sciences sociales et humaines, Québec (2000)

Free Startup Library by District 3 - Concordia University
The best tools and techniques for you to grow your startup, curated by District 3. Base de données en entreprenariat et innovation sociale
Keywords: Libre accès; Outils; Startup ecosystem

Publications Mosaichec - mosaichec (Mosaic Pôle créativité et innovation)
Articles de revues scientifiques : *Ex. Cohendet, P. & Pénin, J. (2011). « Patents to exclude versus include: Rethinking the management of intellectual property rights in a knowledge-based economy », Technology Innovation Management Review, Décembre, pp. 12-17. Ex. *Harvey, J.-F., Naggar, R., Cohendet, P. & Simon, L. (2013). « Gérer les idées pour mieux innover », Gestion: Revue Internationale de Gestion, Vol. 38, n°3, pp. 25-34. Articles publiés dans des ouvrages collectifs Livres et ouvrages : Ex. *Sarazin, B., Cohendet, P., Simon, L. (2017). Les communautés d’innovation. Éditions EMS. Autres publications de recherche
Keywords: Innovation; Libre accès

Publications - Quartier de l’innovation de Montréal - Quartier, de l'innovation
La Société du Quartier de l’innovation de Montréal est un Organisme à but non lucratif (OBNL) qui a été créé en 2013 à l’initiative de l’Université McGill et de l’École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS). NOTRE MISSION Cultiver un écosystème d’innovation unique au cœur de Montréal et favoriser la collaboration et l’expérimentation entre les milieux académique, entrepreneurial et citoyen dans le but de créer des retombées positives pour la société. Notre connaissance du milieu de l’innovation québécois est exhaustive
Keywords: Entrepreneuriat; Innovation; Innovation collaborative; Montréal; OBNL; Partenariat; Québec

A Comparison of Antecedents of Different Types of Innovation – V - Glor, Eleanor D (Innovation Journal, 2021)
Antecedents of innovation precede their implementation and probably influence which innovations and whether they are approved and implemented. Antecedents have been identified in a considerable number of types of innovation. Are they the same in these types? A systematic literature review (SLR) of antecedents of policy innovation found 594 antecedents, 508 of them unique, in 87 articles on trailblazing and adoption. So many antecedents suggest a lack of clarity about what the antecedents of policy innovation may be. They have been clarified for policy innovation. In this paper the antecedents of policy innovation are compared to antecedents of private, public sector and social innovation identified in literature reviews, SLRs and metaanalyses to see whether common or different antecedents are identified in these literatures. While the literature often implies antecedents of different types of innovation are the same by lumping them together, they were found to vary somewhat by type of innovation, especially trailblazing and higher-level factors and clusters. External antecedents were only found to be important for policy innovation and dissemination; political antecedents were particularly important for trailblazing; internal antecedents were important for all types of innovation. Literature on antecedents of private innovations did not consider external or political antecedents. Four research questions are addressed: Q. 1: At what level should antecedents of innovation be analyzed and compared? Q. 2: How do antecedents identified for different types of innovation compare—private, public and public-social sectors? Q. 3: How do clusters identified for different types of public sector innovation compare— processes; trailblazing and adoption of policy; dissemination; private, public, public-social sectors? Q. 4: Do a common set of unique and grouped antecedents, factors and clusters influence all types of innovation equally or are their antecedents discernably different? Key words: antecedents of innovation, comparison of antecedents, types of innovation, systematic literature review.

Analysis of Antecedents of Trailblazing and Adoption of Public Policy Innovation Identified by a Systematic Literature Review - II - Glor, Eleanor D (2021)
The paper organizes and summarizes the conditions (antecedents) researchers and practitioners identified as occurring prior to trailblazing and adoption of public policy (including program) innovation, as identified in a systematic literature review. The review identified 87 relevant documents and 594 antecedents. Trailblazing of innovation is Rogers’ (1995) first two stages of adoption—innovation (invention) and early adoption (identified here as second and third adoptions in a government’s community or population). The antecedents are analyzed into grouped antecedents, factors and clusters. The most-mentioned grouped antecedents were citizen pressure, process, structure and political culture. The most-mentioned factors were innovation drivers, people, policy/process, and context. The factors were organized into clusters—external, political and internal. Based on number of mentions the literature considered the internal cluster the most important. The most-mentioned factors in external cluster were context and people; in political cluster, drivers, political context and political actors; in internal cluster, innovation process, drivers, people and internal environment. Multiples more antecedents were identified for internal cluster than the others. Lack of consistent definitions and the mixing of stages and levels in the literature has hampered understanding of antecedents and placed limitations on this study. The literature sometimes distinguished external and internal cluster; the current analysis also considers a political cluster, which is especially important to trailblazing of public policy innovations.

Can the PRISMA Protocol be used to Guide a Systematic Literature Review of Antecedents of Policy Innovation Trailblazing and Adoption? – I - Glor, Eleanor D (Innovation Journal, 2021)
Methodology for systematic literature reviews (SLRs) is not well developed in public policy compared to the health field. This paper explores use of the health PRISMA protocol for SLRs to guide an SLR of antecedents of trailblazing and adoption of public policy innovation and whether it is a suitable protocol for public policy. Trailblazing is the first two stages—invention and early adoption—of Rogers’ (1995) five stages of innovation adoption in a governmental or organizational population. Completing applicable items in the checklist, a SLR of 87 peerreviewed publications identified 594 antecedents; trailblazing/adoption and empirical/nonempirical studies are distinguished and the theories reflected are identified.

Comparisons of Antecedents of Trailblazing/Adoption and Quantitative/Qualitative Studies of Public Policy Innovation Identified in a Systematic Literature Review – IV - Glor, Eleanor D (Innovation Journal, 2021)
Are the antecedents identified in trailblazing/adoption and quantitative/qualitative public policy innovation studies similar or different? This quantitative study answers this question by identifying, categorizing and analyzing their antecedents, identified in a systematic literature review (SLR). Trailblazing is the first three adoptions of an innovation in its population/ community, adoption is all adoptions, in any organization. If their antecedents were different, this would lend credibility to the idea that they are different phenomena. The criteria for inclusion in the SLR were met by 87 publications; 594 antecedents were identified. Analysis identified 508 unique antecedents, 28 grouped antecedents, 5 factors and 3 clusters.

Conclusion: Important Antecedents of Public Policy Innovation as Revealed in a Systematic Literature Review – VI - Glor, Eleanor D (Innovation Journal, 2021)
A systematic literature review (SLR) of antecedents of trailblazing and adoption of public policy innovation was conducted. Many antecedents were found—594. A terminology and classification system for them was therefore developed (unique antecedents-508, grouped antecedents-28, factors-15, clusters-3). Differences among trailblazing/adoption and quantitative/qualitative studies were explored six ways. Eleven grouped antecedents of trailblazing were importantly different from those of adoption, 17 were not. Grouped antecedents of quantitative and qualitative studies were not importantly different and so were used as the standard. Only trailblazing had different antecedents from the other three types of study (adoption, quantitative, qualitative). Eight grouped antecedents were the best indicators of policy innovation. Of the three clusters of antecedents, external and internal cluster grouped antecedents were equally important for all four kinds of study; political cluster antecedents were different for trailblazing. Although there was no one best political indicator (large difference from adoption) for trailblazing, political cluster was more important for trailblazing than adoption. Political cluster was higher (had a higher proportion of mentions) and internal cluster lower for trailblazing; political cluster was lower and internal cluster higher for adoption. The important antecedents for public policy innovation were compared to those for the private/public sector, public process/policy and public/social innovation: Differences were found. The best antecedent indicators of trailblazing of policy innovation identified in the literature were external environment, drivers, obstacles (external) and people (internal).

Factors (Antecedents) Influencing Creation and Fate of Innovations and their Organizations – III - Glor, Eleanor D (Innovation Journal, 2021)
Despite recommendations for more quantitative analyses of public sector innovation factors (Glor, 2014a; de Vries, Bekker and Tummers, 2016), there has been limited examination of them. This paper identifies and explores six factors (ideology, politics, the economy, external support, resources, effects) that influenced the introduction and survival or termination of the first time these public sector innovations and their five organizations (I&O) were introduced in North America. It assesses their key antecedent factors before creation (Time 1) and the same factors again at the time of their fate 15 to 44 years later (Time 2). They were assessed with a new measurement instrument examining the six factors (Glor, 2017a). The tool has 1267 statements (items) and 555 pairs of data, with scoring distributed on a five-point Likert scale. Three expert raters completed the instrument (Glor, 2017b). Based on mean scores, the most important factors in Time 1 (creation of I&O) were found to be the economy, resources, effects and external support and in Time 2 (survival/termination) ideology and politics. This methodology could potentially be used to study the remaining 154 Government of Saskatchewan (GoS) population’s innovations and that of other populations.

Factors and Factor Clusters Most Influential in Introduction and Global Fate of Innovations and their Organizations – IV - Glor, Eleanor D (Innovation Journal, 2019)
Analysis of factors (antecedents) influencing the introduction and fate of innovations and their organizations (I&O) has been limited. Most of the innovation literature has focused on introduction and dissemination but not fate of I&O. It often found ideology and politics were not important in introduction of I&O. Glor (2017a, b) studied six factors influencing the introduction and survival/mortality of the first introduction in USA and Canada of ten public sector I&O introduced by the Government of Saskatchewan, (GoS), a Canadian provincial government, 1971 to the present. She reported assessment of their antecedent factors before introduction (Time 1) and those factors again at the time of survival/termination, 15 to 46 years later (Time 2). Introduction and survival/termination are defined by their appearance in/disappearance from Budget Estimates, annual reports and Public Accounts. I&O studied were the full sub-population of income security I&O introduced. A new, valid instrument was used to assess the influences, examining six factors and some clusters thought by three experts to have influenced their introduction and fate. The expert raters responded to 1267 statements (items), 555 pairs between times 1 and 2 distributed on five-point Likert scales. For all ten I&O, the factors ideology, politics, economy, external support, resources and effects were considered. In this paper, factors and clusters of factors are explored to attempt to predict survival or termination in Time 2, using means, analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-test and logistic regression analyses. Clusters were considered, such as external/internal clusters, external cluster and external support factor compared to economy factor and internal cluster. The best combination of factors and clusters for predicting introduction of I&O in Time 1 was found to be economy factor and internal cluster (resources, effects). The best combination for predicting fate (survival/ termination) in Time 2 was political cluster (ideology, politics) and external support factor. These results are important for practitioners, to point the way to successful introduction of I&O and for scholars, to understand important influences on fate. The dominance of resource factors in introduction was as expected and consistent with the literature. The capacity to predict either survival or termination had not been studied before: Political factors dominated survival and termination.

Studying the Impact of Innovation on Organizations, Organizational Populations and Organizational Communities: A Framework for Research - Glor, Eleanor D (Innovation Journal, 2014)

La boîte à outils de l'intelligence collective - Béatrice Arnaud, Sylvie Caruso Cahn (Dunod, 2021)
Qu’est ce que l’intelligence collective ? Comment mettre en œuvre l’intelligence collective dans les équipes et les pratiques quotidiennes ? Quelles gouvernances favorisent l\'intelligence collective ? Comment développer des manières de travailler collaboratives ? Vous saurez bientôt répondre à toutes ces questions, en utilisant les 66 outils de ce livre indispensable pour réussir la mise en place de l\'intelligence collective dans votre équipe ou votre entreprise.
Keywords: Entreprise; Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Intelligence collective; Réservé UdeM

L'innovation collective: quand créer avec devient essentiel - Lehmann, Valérie; Colomb, Valérie (Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2020)
Cet ouvrage collectif a comme objectif de mettre en lumière le travail mené par les personnes et les organisations qui s’engagent à construire le futur en devenant des codéveloppeurs, acceptant par là même qu’elles ne possèdent qu’une partie des connaissances nécessaires aux projets qu’elles portent et bâtissent. Pour répondre à des besoins sociétaux de plus en plus complexes, de multiples institutions publiques et privées expérimentent ces nouveaux modes d’action inclusifs, qui consistent à travailler avec les parties prenantes des projets plutôt que de travailler pour celles-ci, afin d’ériger des biens communs et de s’assurer de leur usage. L’innovation collective : quand créer avec devient essentiel explore ces pratiques novatrices qui conjuguent audace, diversité et réalisme. Les projets dont il est question touchent à la ville, à la santé, au droit, au tourisme, au développement international, au commerce, à la technologie et à la recherche. Après avoir traité de l’innovation collective et de ses représentations, le livre aborde ses enjeux et ses échelles d’action, décortique certains dispositifs déployés pour créer avec et discute des rôles des acteurs engagés dans ces démarches. Ensuite, cinq expériences sont analysées par leurs participants, et les derniers textes portent sur les limites et les difficultés associées aux systèmes ouverts. Le présent ouvrage se veut une invitation à parcourir différentes facettes de ces innovations vivifiantes qui façonnent pas à pas l’avenir de la Terre.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

Producing shared understanding for digital and social innovation: bridging divides with transdisciplinary information experience concepts and methods - Miller, Faye (Palgrave Macmillan, 2020)
Provides a guide to the development of innovative mindsets for new and seasoned researchers, students and other practitioners who collaborate with social science researchers Rather than focusing on how and why specific research methodologies are employed, the book increases meaningful research by developing transferable mindsets, across every stage of the research production Uniquely accessible by conveying key concepts via a combination of theoretical research, allegories and conversations emerging from the author’s unique perspective as a millennial academic researcher of lived experience and documentary filmmaker
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

Social innovation and social entrepreneurship: fundamentals, concepts, and tools - Portales, Luis (Palgrave Macmillan, 2019)
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

The Art of Co-Creation: a Guidebook for Practitioners - Rill, Bryan R.; Hämäläinen, Matti M. (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018)
This book illustrates how to design and implement co-creation, a powerful form of collective creativity that harnesses the potential of teams and can generate breakthrough insights. Skilled leaders and facilitators can utilize this approach to unleash the creative potential of their organizations. Drawing from years of applied research, the authors bring together insights from the fields of design and organizational development into an evocative and pragmatic "how-to" guidebook. Taking a human-centred rather than process oriented perspective, the book argues that experience design separates true co-creation from other forms of collective efforts and design thinking. Collective moments of creative insight emerge from the space between, an experience of flow and synchronicity from which new ideas spring forth. How to create and hold this space is the secret to the art of co-creation. Collective breakthroughs require stakeholders to undergo a journey from the world of their existing expertise into spaces of new potential. It requires leaders moving from a position of dominating space to holding the space for others, and developing core capacities such as empathy and awareness so that teams can engage each other co-creatively. This book uncovers the secrets of this journey, enabling process designers to develop more effective programs.
Keywords: Co-création; Créativité collective; Idéation, dialogue et maillage; Réservé UdeM

Entrepreneuriat : Théories et pratiques, Applications pour apprendre à entreprendre - Chapitre 5. Entrepreneuriat social - Fayolle, Alain (Entrepreneuriat : Théories et pratiques, Applications pour apprendre à entreprendre, 2017)
Keywords: Entrepreneuriat social; Réservé UdeM

The Impact of Societal and Social Innovation: a Case-Based Approach - Lin, Carol Yeh-Yun; Chen, Jeffrey (Springer Singapore, 2016)
Keywords: Asie; Changement systémique; Entrepreneuriat social; Europe; Innovation; Innovation sociale; Innovation sociétale; Mesure d'impact; Parties prenantes; Processus d'innovation; Réservé UdeM; Étude de cas

Du concept d’« innovation sociale » - Prades, Jacques (Revue internationale de l'économie sociale : recma, 2015)
L’innovation sociale est devenue, en quelques années, un concept tellement galvaudé qu’il entretient une large confusion dans les débats. Utilisé d’abord en Amérique du Nord [1], il s’est généralisé avec l’arrivée, dans les années 90, de la notion anglo-saxonne d’« entrepreneurs sociaux ». Introduit ensuite par des travaux initiés par la Communauté européenne [2], il est entré dans la loi française du 31 juillet 2014 relative à l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS). L’objet de notre article n’est pas de dresser un inventaire des différentes acceptions de ce concept, mais plutôt de chercher, d’une part, à asseoir sa définition sur des fondements théoriques et, d’autre part, à tirer les conséquences pragmatiques de ce positionnement. Nous commencerons par l’innovation technologique, car c’est d’elle qu’il est question lorsque l’on évoque l’innovation sans donner d’autres précisions. Nous verrons cependant que cette définition masque des sous-entendus qui nous serviront pour définir l’innovation sociale. Cette définition peut déboucher sur deux approches : l’une collaborative, l’autre coopérative. Il importe de le préciser, car elles n’ont pas les mêmes implications en termes de projets politiques. Nous montrerons que la question de la propriété est au centre de ce qui les différencie. Un tableau de synthèse de ce raisonnement est présenté en annexe.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

Les innovations sociales - Chambon, Jean-Louis; David, Alix; Devevey, Jean-Marie (Que sais-je?, 1982)

Innovation sociale - Répertoire de vedettes-matière (RVM Répertoire de vedettes-matière, 2021)
Sous cette vedette de sujet, on trouve les documents sur le changement qui a été effectué par une organisation ou une communauté, dans son approche ou dans ses pratiques, en vue de favoriser le mieux-être des individus et des collectivités ou de trouver une solution à un problème social en sortant des pratiques courantes.
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; Québec; Thésaurus de bibliothèque

Économie sociale et solidaire - Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF Catalogue général - Rameau, 2019)
Vedette matière nom commun. S'emploie en tête de vedette. Ensemble d'initiatives et de projets économiques à finalité sociale, participant à la construction d'une nouvelle façon de vivre et de penser l'économie, dans les pays du Nord comme du Sud, en plaçant la personne humaine au centre du développement économique et social.
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; France; Thésaurus de bibliothèque

--Aspect social - Répertoire de vedettes-matière (RVM Répertoire de vedettes-matière, 2017)
Employer cette subdivision de sujet, suivie si nécessaire d'un nom de lieu, à tous les sujets de noms communs, pour les documents sur l'impact d'un objet, d'une activité, d'un principe ou d'une discipline sur la société et vice versa. Dans le cas des noms des lieux, des catégories de personnes et des groupes ethniques, il faut plutôt employer la subdivision de sujet Conditions sociales
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; Québec; Thésaurus de bibliothèque

Entrepreneuriat social - Bibliothèque nationale de France (data.bnf.fr)
Toutes les informations de la Bibliothèque Nationale de France sur : Entrepreneuriat social
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; France; Thésaurus de bibliothèque

--Social aspects - The Library of Congress
Use as a topical subdivision under topical headings for works on the effect of the item, activity, discipline, etc., and society on each other.
Keywords: Thésaurus de bibliothèque; États-Unis

Social entrepreneurship - The Library of Congress
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; Thésaurus de bibliothèque; États-Unis

Social innovation - Business Source Premier (Business Source Premier Thesaurus)
Here are entered works on the mobilization of public and private resources to develop and support promising, innovative community-based solutions that impact social issues such as economic opportunity, healthy futures, and youth development. Broader Terms SOCIAL change Related Terms : INNOVATION management SOCIAL entrepreneurship
Keywords: Sciences économiques; Thésaurus de base de données

TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Business Source Premier (Business Source Premier)
Here are entered works on fundamental technological improvements or changes in materials, production methods, processes, organization, or management which increase efficiency and production. Works on original devices or processes are entered under "Inventions."
Keywords: Sciences économiques; Thésaurus de base de données

Technology - Business Source Premier (Business Source Premier)
Here are entered general works on the application of technical knowledge to practical problems, including the development and study of machines, tools, and techniques of manufacturing and production methods and processes. Use only if a narrower term does not apply (e.g., "Educational technology" or "Technocracy"). Works on the technology used in particular wars are entered under the name of the war subdivided by -- Technology, e.g., "World War, 1939-1945 -- Technology." [EPC]
Keywords: Sciences économiques; Thésaurus de base de données

Social innovation - EconLit (EconLit)
Dans la base EconLit, on ne peut chercher avec des sujets spécifiques comme "social innovation", les documents étant classés par grandes catégories. Le plus simple est de chercher "social innovation" en expression exacte dans le champ Abstract (Résumé)
Keywords: Sciences économiques; Thésaurus de base de données

Community-based programs - National Association of Social Workers (Social Work Abstracts)
Dans Social Work abstracts, le terme Social innovation est présent mais peu utilisé. Le terme "community-based programs" permet de trouver plus de documents.
Keywords: Thésaurus de base de données; Travail social

Social innovation for a circular economy in social housing - Marchesi, Marianna; Tweed, Chris (Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021)
This study explored how social housing communities can contribute to the transition to a circular economy (CE) in cities. The CE promotes ways for rethinking and reshaping current practices of producing and consuming to enhance resource efficiency while satisfying our needs to enable us to prosper sustainably. Resource efficiency in cities relies on production and consumption patterns that are connected to people behaviours. Up to now, the CE has mainly concentrated on different levels of technological system innovations with limited attention to social practices and behavioural change. On the other side, communities and groups of interest show playing a crucial role in the promotion of sustainable practices through initiatives of social innovation (SI). Through case study analysis and comparison, the project investigated contemporary SI initiatives implemented by urban communities and groups of interest aiming at promoting alternative production-consumption practices. Seven types of SI for resource circularity have been identified. Based on this typology, the study defined potential opportunities, benefits and challenges for social housing communities. These findings also highlighted a complementary role that SI can play in the CE implementation in cities. Therefore, the project suggested the introduction of emerging SI concepts into the current CE approach to support development.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; Économie circulaire

Analyzing Citizen Participation and Engagement in European Smart Cities - Cortés-Cediel, María E.; Iván, Cantador; Rodríguez, Bolívar Manuel Pedro (Social Science Computer Review, 2021)
With the advent of smart cities (SCs), governance has been placed at the core of the debate on how to create public value and achieve a high quality of life in urban environments. In particular, given that public value is rooted in democratic theory and new technologies that promote networking spaces have emerged, citizen participation represents one of the principal instruments to make government open and close to the citizenry needs. Participation in urban governance has undergone a great development: from the first postmodernist ideals of countering expert dominance to today’s focus on learning and social innovation, where citizen participation is conceptualized as co-creation and co-production. Despite this development, there is a lack of research to know how this new governance context is taking place in the SC arena. Addressing this situation, in this article, we present an exhaustive survey of the research literature and a deep study of the experience in participative initiatives followed by SCs in Europe. Through an analysis of 149 SC initiatives from 76 European cities, we provide interesting insights about how participatory models have been introduced in the different areas and dimensions of the cities, how citizen engagement is promoted in SC initiatives, and whether the so-called creative SCs are those with a higher number of projects governed in a participatory way.
Keywords: Co-création; Co-production; Europe; Modèle participatif; Nouvelles technologies; Projets participatifs; Réservé UdeM; Urbanisme; Villes intelligentes

Laboratoires vivants en innovation sociale et coconstruction des connaissances dans les villes : les cas du TIESS (Montréal) et de l’OBISF (Florianópolis) - Magalhaes, Thiago; Camus, Annie; Andion, Carolina; Tello-Rozas, Sonia (Revue Organisations & territoires, 2020)
Le débat sur le rapport entre l’innovation sociale et les villes s’est élargi au cours des dernières décennies. Ce débat met en évidence l’intérêt suscité par les processus de coconstruction des savoirs dans les laboratoires vivants en innovation sociale (LVIS). Cet article a pour objectif de présenter une approche conceptuelle et analytique du traitement des LVIS, ainsi que de décrire et de mettre en perspective deux expériences de mise en oeuvre de LVIS dans les villes : l’Observatoire de l’innovation sociale de Florianópolis (OBISF) au Brésil et Territoires innovants en économie sociale et solidaire (TIESS) à Montréal au Canada. Bien qu’ils émergent dans des réalités et des contextes différents avec des méthodologies de mise en oeuvre spécifiques, qui sont présentées dans le texte, la discussion et l’analyse des deux cas apportent des pistes d’apprentissage sur les défis et les perspectives quant à la coconstruction des connaissances visant à renforcer les dynamiques d’innovation sociale à l’échelle d’une ville.
Keywords: Brésil; Canada; Co-construction; Laboratoire vivant; Réservé UdeM; Urbanisme; Économie sociale; Économie solidaire

A dual-functional social innovation process model for low-cost houses through university-enabled initiative - Belayutham, Sheila; Ibrahim, Che Khairil Izam Che; Zulkifli, Assrul Reedza; Ibrahim, Norhati (Construction Innovation-England, 2019)
The purpose of this study is to develop a dual-functional university-enabled social innovation process model on the subject of low-cost houses that addresses the distinct elements of social obligation and university teaching-learning. Design/methodology/approach This study has predominantly adopted a longitudinal single case study approach, where data have been collected through interviews, survey, participant observation, direct observation and document review. The case study details on the social innovation processes, which was conducted by Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Findings This study has demonstrated the social innovation processes toward addressing the issue of insufficient low-cost houses, concurrently benefitting the teaching-learning dimension. Three sub-innovations have been highlighted in the developed social innovation process model, which are collaboration process, teaching-learning and design-construct innovation. Originality/value The development of the social innovation process model for low-cost houses through university-enabled initiative is a novel establishment, particularly for developing nations, as limited studies have been conducted in this regard. The significant insights into how university could play a role in addressing major social issues, along with their core focus (teaching-learning and research development), is a breakthrough for further diffusions of social innovation by universities.
Keywords: Asie; Enseignement; Innovation sociale; Recherche; Rôle des universités; logement

Playing with the Rules of the Game: Social Innovation for Urban Transformation - Thompson, Matthew (International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2019)
Innovation is perhaps the buzzword in local economic development policy. Associated narrowly with neoliberal ideas, conventional notions of innovation—like its capitalocentric counterparts, enterprise and entrepreneurialism—may promise higher productivity, global competitiveness and technological progress but do not fundamentally change the ‘rules of the game’. In contrast, an emerging field reimagines social innovation as disruptive change in social relations and institutional configurations. This article explores the conceptual and political differences within this pre‐paradigmatic field, and argues for a more transformative understanding of social innovation. Building on the work of David Graeber, I mobilize the novel constructs of ‘play’ and ‘games’ to advance our understanding of the contradictory process of institutionalizing social innovation for urban transformation. This is illustrated through a case study of Liverpool, where diverse approaches to innovation are employed in attempts to resolve longstanding socio‐economic problems. Dominant market‐ and state‐led economic development policies—likened to a ‘regeneration game’—are contrasted with more experimental, creative, democratic and potentially more effective forms of social innovation, seeking urban change through playing with the rules of the game. I conclude by considering how the play–game dialectic illuminates and reframes the way transformative social innovation might be cultivated by urban policy, the contradictions this entails, and possible ways forward.
Keywords: Europe; Réservé UdeM; UK

Décentralisation à la française et innovation sociale : un compromis impossible - Landel, Pierre-Antoine; Pecqueur, Bernard (Économie et Solidarités, 2014)
Notre questionnement porte sur le profond décalage entre l'évolution de la pensée économique et les pratiques politiques issues de la décentralisation. Notre hypothèse met de l’avant que les logiques politiques mobilisées dans le cadre de ces réformes ne permettent pas d’accompagner le tournant territorial de l’économie (Pecqueur, 2006; Landel et Pecqueur, 2016). La difficulté des collectivités locales à prendre en compte et à accompagner l’innovation sociale témoigne de ces décalages. Pourtant, sous l’impulsion de l’État, de nouvelles formes de coordination s’affirment, parmi lesquelles on peut citer les pôles territoriaux de coopération économique (PTCE). Ils méritent d’être observés au regard de leur capacité à accompagner de nouvelles formes de développement territorial.
Keywords: Décentralisation économique; Réservé UdeM

The role of universities in the development of public sector innovations - Polbitsyn, Sergei N. (The Innovation Journal, 2021)
Studies on public sector innovation often treat this type of innovation as something that emerges within public sector organizations. However, innovation theory argues that external sources of innovation are more fruitful sources of ideas. We claim that universities must be treated as a mandatory element in public sector innovation. This paper is aimed at clarifying the place of public sector innovation in the classification of innovations currently used in the literature. It also seeks to conceptualize an approach for future research on the topic. Our primary goal is to identify the role of different actors in the development of public sector innovation. We analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different forms of university involvement in public sector innovation. The paper consists of two parts. The first defines concepts of innovation in general and public sector innovation viewed as a variation on social innovation. The second is dedicated to an analysis of the experience of Russian universities in enhancing collaboration between actors in the public innovation system.
Keywords: Asie; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Risk issue adoption in an online social movement field - O'Neil, Mathieu; Ackland, Robert (Information, Communication & Society, 2020)
This article extends the field conceptualisation of social change and innovation adoption, which hinges upon the strategic capacities of actors, to the online environment. We focus on a key aspect of social movement organisations (SMOs), competition for members, resources and attention over an environmental risk issue. The incorporation of network theory enables us to map how the structural position of actors in the field is associated with their actions – for example, their response to an exogenous shock such as a new threat to the environment. We analyse how actors in the online environmental movement respond to the emergence of nanoscience and technology (NST) as a risk issue, and test the field theory hypothesis that dominated actors are more likely to adopt this issue in the early stages of emergence. Our findings challenge field theory orthodoxy and suggest that whilst challengers innovate, dominants co-opt by adopting the issue in a second stage. Finally, we examine why the notion that NST entails significant environmental and health risks was not propelled into wider public consciousness.
Keywords: Nanoscience; Réservé UdeM; Social movement organisations

Inclusion in social innovation through the primary and secondary use of technology: a conceptual framework - Oomens, I. M. F.; Scholten, C. (International Review of Applied Economics, 2020)
People with disabilities are an important actor and target group in social innovation initiatives worldwide, as there is a clear need for better inclusion of this group in society. A way to improve the inclusion of people with disabilities is the development of assistive technology. In practice, people with disabilities often use technologies of which the primary use is not that of an assistive technology. They use the technology for a different use and context than the developer intended – termed 'secondary use'. The current paper studies the factors that are needed to make the secondary use of technology a success. First, a literature review and explorative study in the Netherlands are performed, after which a framework on the secondary use of technology for inclusion, specifically for people with disabilities, is developed.
Keywords: EDI; Europe; Personnes en situation de handicap; Réservé UdeM

Civic Technology for Social Innovation - Saldivar, Jorge; Parra, Cristhian; Alcaraz, Marcelo; Arteta, Rebeca; Cernuzzi, Luca (Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 2019)
The recent surge of investment in Civic Technologies represents a unique opportunity to realize the potential of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for improving democratic participation. In this review, we study what technologies are proposed and evaluated in the academic literature for such goal. We focus our exploration on how civic technology is used in the collaborative creation of solutions for social issues and innovations for public services (i.e., social innovation). Our goal is to provide researchers, designers, and practitioners a starting point to understand both the academic state of the art and the existing opportunities for ICT in a democracy.
Keywords: Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW); Réservé UdeM

Welcoming Syrian refugees to Canada technology-enabled social innovation - Cukier, Wendy; Jackson, Samantha (2017 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC), 2017)
The Syrian refugee crisis has been termed “the greatest humanitarian crisis of the last century” and countries around the world have stepped up to provide safe haven to millions of Syrians fleeing violence. Canada's unique private sponsorship policy coupled with government sponsorship of refugees saw more than 40,000 welcomed to Canada in a matter of months prompting the need for new processes and solutions. Grassroots organizations emerged, with new partnerships, processes and approaches enabled with new applications of simple technologies and revealed opportunities to leverage and amplify government resources. While fragmented and sometimes primitive these efforts signaled new opportunities to create an innovative “sharing economy” approach. This paper will review the relations between these new initiatives, actors and networks and the opportunities to drive systems change through a social innovation lens.
Keywords: Canada; Réservé UdeM

Social Innovation, Gender, and Technology: Bridging the Resource Gap - Warnecke, Tonia (Journal of Economic Issues (Taylor & Francis Ltd), 2017)
Some of the most important resources are intangible, such as knowledge and access to networks. In the developing world, technology can facilitate these resources and address basic human needs in a variety of ways: from provision of farmer training and cloud-controlled clean water systems to health information and mobile money services. Some of these services expand access to resources in ways that particularly benefit women. In environments where women are disadvantaged socially and economically, information and communications technologies (ICT) can enable women to access valuable information, consider a broader range of business opportunities, access wider markets, partake in educational programs, and share experiences with and gain mentorship from other women. However, there are large gender gaps in the access to technology, particularly in rural areas. To begin, I briefly discuss the role of technology in development, and consider the extent and significance of technology gender gaps. Next, I review key barriers to reducing these gaps, and discuss the concept of social innovation as it applies to technology interventions. Examples from five social innovations in India — a country with large technology gender gaps — illustrate the range of possibilities for innovative access to and use of ICT for diverse target groups. I conclude with some suggestions for further improvement in this area.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

LES MODES D’INNOVATION SOCIALE ET DE GOUVERNANCE - Castro-Spila, Javier; Unceta, Alfonso (La transformation sociale par l'innovation sociale, 2016)
La relation entre l’innovation sociale et la gouvernance n’est pas suffisamment explorée dans la littérature scientifique. Les analyses que l’on trouve sur ce sujet se rapportent principalement à la relation entre l’administration publique, la participation citoyenne, le changement social et les nouvelles formes de gouvernance (Lévesque, 2012 ; Moulaertet al., 2007 ; Novy, Hamme et Leubolt, 2009). Dans ces approches, l’innovation sociale est abordée comme le rapport entre les relations sociales et la gouvernance. Ainsi, cette perspective cherche plutôt à comprendre comment certains groupes sociaux développent leurs capacités sociopolitiques pour garantir leur accès aux ressources qui permettent de répondre

La transformation sociale par l'innovation sociale - Klein, Juan-Luis; Camus, Annie; Jetté, Christian; Champagne, Christine; Roy, Matthieu; CRISES. Colloque international (4e : 2014 : Montréal, Québec) (Collection Innovation sociale, 2016)
es innovations sociales, à la manière de bougies d'allumage, engendrent des actions collectives qui proposent des solutions différentes de celles des pratiques dominantes aptes à générer la transformation sociale. Cet ouvrage expose les enjeux que pose la transformation sociale par l'innovation sociale et les documente par des illustrations ciblées sur des thématiques ou des expériences précises.

Dynamic analysis of different resource allocations: Implications for resource orchestration management of strategic alliances - Zhao, Jianyu; Xi, Xi; Wang, Shanshan; Gong, Caiyan (Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2021)
• Use Evolutionary Game to clarify the applicability of various resource allocations. • Expose the different key factors affecting the roles of resource allocations. • Breadth resource allocations have advantage when alliance environment is ambiguous. • Targeted resource allocations enhance the benefits if commercial prospects are clear. A lack of understanding regarding the roles and applicability of different resource allocations has become the underlying reason for the failure of resource efforts. Therefore, it is of important practical significance to examine the effects of different resource allocations and their impacts on the development of strategic alliances. Based on the development intentions of technological innovation cooperation and social capital accumulation, our study distinguished four patterns of resource allocation and viewed them as dynamic processes instead of unchanging decision results, using simulation from evolutionary game theory to explore the roles and applicability of various resource allocations by exposing their stability under different constraint situations. Our results indicate that, first, the randomly-oriented resource allocation has the highest probability of being unstable, while the knowledge-embedded resource allocation has the lowest probability. Second, randomly-oriented resource allocation can lead an alliance to become a pure technology or social alliance; relationship-oriented resource allocation is sensitive to opportunistic behavior, but more favorable to innovation diffusion; cooperation-oriented resource allocation is mainly affected by resource cost, and more suitable for firms with strong innovation intentions; and knowledge-embedded resource allocation is conducive to reducing the uncertainty and enhancing the configuration success rates. Third, the breadth of the resource allocation increases the probability of successfully configuring resources, and the strategic decision to switch from broad resource allocation to a targeted one may increase the extraneous benefits of firms when the development prospects are clear.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

People centered social innovation: global perspectives on an emerging paradigm - Banerjee, Swati; Carney, Stephen; Hulgård, Lars (Routledge studies in social enterprise & social innovation, 2020)
People Centered Social Innovation: Global perspectives on an Emerging Paradigm attempts to revisit and extend the existing understanding of Social Innovation in practice by focusing upon the lived realities of marginalized groups and communities. The emerging field of people-centered development is placed in dialogue with theory and concepts from the more established field of social innovation to create a new approach; one that adopts a global perspective, engaging with very different experiences of marginality across the global north and south. Theoretically, ‘People Centered Social Innovation: Global Perspectives on an Emerging Paradigm’ draws upon ‘northern’ understandings of change and improvement as well as ‘southern’ theory concerns for epistemological diversity and meaning making. The result is an experiment aimed at reimagining research and practice that seriously needs to center the actor in processes of social transformation.
Keywords: Innovation sociale; Réservé UdeM; Transformations sociales

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BASED COMPANY, ITS FEATURES AND RELATIONS TO ENVIRONMENT - Adamauskas, Saulius; Krusinskas, Rytis (Economics and Management, 2013)
According to different authors, science and technology based companies could be considered as a crucial chain in transforming research and development investments into economic value. This could impact company’s business performance and at the same time the development of country’s economy. Moreover, according to today’s empirical research, extremely fast innovation and technology development all over the world has a different effect on separate industries. There is a lot of academic literature where science and technology based company environment assessment issues are described, however, there is a lack of assessment methods and/or ratios/indicators, which show how the company is science, innovation and technology based and even how to identify such kind of company. This article is divided into structural parts, reflecting: R&D environment analysis based on the case of Lithuania; academic literature overview regarding science and technology based company’s environment analysis; definition of S&T based company economic/financial assessment ratios. After the analysis, a list of ratios/indicators were presented, which empower to identify and/or asses such kind of company. Data availability was the core factor in these indicators creation processes. Research methods used are based on systematic literature analysis, mathematical statistics methods, logical comparative and generalization analysis.
Keywords: Data; Libre accès; Processus de création; Statistiques

Social Innovation For Health Research: Development of the SIFHR Checklist - Kpokiri, Eneyi E.; Chen, Elizabeth; Li, Jingjing; Payne, Sarah; Shrestha, Priyanka; Afsana, Kaosar; Amazigo, Uche; Awor, Phyllis; de Lavison, Jean-Francois; Khan, Saqif; Mier-Alpaño, Jana; Ong, Alberto; et al. (PLOS Medicine, 2021)
Background Social innovations in health are inclusive solutions to address the healthcare delivery gap that meet the needs of end users through a multi-stakeholder, community-engaged process. While social innovations for health have shown promise in closing the healthcare delivery gap, more research is needed to evaluate, scale up, and sustain social innovation. Research checklists can standardize and improve reporting of research findings, promote transparency, and increase replicability of study results and findings. Methods and findings The research checklist was developed through a 3-step community-engaged process, including a global open call for ideas, a scoping review, and a 3-round modified Delphi process. The call for entries solicited checklists and related items and was open between November 27, 2019 and February 1, 2020. In addition to the open call submissions and scoping review findings, a 17-item Social Innovation For Health Research (SIFHR) Checklist was developed based on the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) Checklist. The checklist was then refined during 3 rounds of Delphi surveys conducted between May and June 2020. The resulting checklist will facilitate more complete and transparent reporting, increase end-user engagement, and help assess social innovation projects. A limitation of the open call was requiring internet access, which likely discouraged participation of some subgroups. Conclusions The SIFHR Checklist will strengthen the reporting of social innovation for health research studies. More research is needed on social innovation for health.
Keywords: Innovation inclusive; Innovation sociale; Libre accès; Santé

Food Waste: Addressing our 160 Billion Pound Public Health Challenge with Policy and Business Interventions - Swinburne, Mathew; Sandson, Katie (Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 2019)
The United States wastes approximately 40% of its food supply. This article will examine the implications of this waste for food insecurity and climate change. It will also explore how the law and social entrepreneurship can be used to confront this public health challenge.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; États-Unis

Supporting Social Innovation in Children: Developing a Game to Promote Health Eating - Ptakauskaite, Nora; Chueng-Nainby, Priscilla; Pain, Helen (Association for Computing Machinery, 2016)
Two things often observed in children: (1) many do not eat a healthy diet and (2) they like playing video-games. Game-based learning has proven to be an effective method for attitude change, and thus has the potential to influence children's eating habits. This study looks at how, through a series of workshop activities, children themselves can inform the design of such games. Using a co-constructive approach, the study's format promotes creativity and control, enabling children to act as valuable informants for its design. Patterns emerging from the study show that children do indeed understand the concept of healthy eating. Future phases of this work will explore whether they understand how various foods affect their bodies. This information will then inform the design of a video-game that encourages healthy eating.
Keywords: Innovation sociale; Réservé UdeM; Santé

Research with a Solidarity Clinic: Design Implications for CSCW Healthcare Service Design - Vlachokyriakos, Vasilis; Crivellaro, Clara; Kouki, Hara; Giovanopoulos, Christos; Olivier, Patrick (Computer Supported Cooperative Work-the Journal of Collaborative Computing and Work Practices)
This paper reports on a long-term collaboration with a self-organised social clinic, within solidarity movements in Greece. The collaboration focused on the co-creation of an oral history group within the social clinic, aiming to record and make sense of a collection of digital oral histories from its volunteers and volunteers-doctors. The process aimed to support reflection and shape the future of the clinic's ongoing social innovation and to transform institutional public health services. Positioning the work of solidarity movement as designing social innovation, the work contributes to CSCW and 'infrastructuring' in Participatory Design aspiring to support social activism and social transformation processes. More specifically, through our empirical insights on the process of infrastructuring an oral history group within a social movement; and related insights about their ongoing participatory health service provision-we provide implications for CSCW concerned with its role in institutional healthcare service transformation.
Keywords: Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW); Europe; Participatory Design; Réservé UdeM

Social Innovation in the Service of Social and Ecological Transformation: The Rise of the Enabling State - Schutter, Olivier De; Dedeurwaerdere, Tom (Routledge, 2021)
This book explores how the State can play a role as an enabler of citizens-led social innovations, to accelerate the shift to sustainable and socially just lifestyles. To meet the twin challenges of environmental degradation and the rise of inequalities, societal transformation is urgent. Most theories of social change focus either on the role of the State, on the magic of the market, or on the power of technological innovation. This book explores instead how local communities, given the freedom to experiment, can design solutions that can have a transformative impact. Change cannot rely only on central ordering by government, nor on corporations suddenly acting as responsible citizens. Societal transformation, at the speed and scope required, also should be based on the reconstitution of social capital, and on new forms of democracy emerging from collective action at the local level. The State matters of course, for the provision of both public services and of social protection, and to discipline the market, but it should also act as an enabler of citizen-led experimentation, and it should set up an institutional apparatus to ensure that collective learning spreads across jurisdictions. Corporations themselves can ensure that society taps the full potential of citizens-led social innovations: they can put their know-how, their access to finance, and their control of logistical chains in the service of such innovations, rather than focusing on shaping consumers’ tastes or even adapting to consumers’ shifting expectations. With this aim in mind, this book provides empirical evidence of how social innovations, typically developed within "niches", initially at a relatively small scale, can have society-wide impacts. It also examines the nature of the activism deployed by social innovators, and the emergence of a "do-it-yourself" form of democracy. This book will appeal to all those interested in driving societal change and social innovation to ensure a sustainable and socially just future for all.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; Science politique

The impact of corporate social responsibility on innovation in small and medium‐sized enterprises: The mediating role of debt terms and human capital - Santos‐Jaén, José Manuel; Madrid‐Guijarro, Antonia; García‐Pérez‐de‐Lema, Domingo (Corporate Social Responsibility & Environmental Management, 2021)
The aim of this paper is to study the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) over small and medium‐sized enterprise (SME) innovation and the effect of two mediating variables, debt terms and human capital. Based on a sample of 2825 Spanish SMEs and applying a structural equations modeling, the results demonstrate that the effect of CSR on innovation is mediated by debt terms and by good human resource practices. Part of the positive effect of CSR on innovation occurs through these two variables, which, alone, positively and significantly affect innovation in SMEs. Consequently, the positive effect of CSR practices on debt terms through a decrease in asymmetric information goes further, also having repercussions on innovation. Additionally, the suitable development of human resource practices based on strategies oriented toward CSR allow companies to carry out greater and more efficient innovative activities. This paper contributes to the CSR literature considering the human resource management and the debt access in the relationship between CSR and innovation. The findings reveal important implications for policy makers and managers. For the former, the results show that it would be interesting to carry out actions aimed at assisting SMEs, especially those with fewer resources available, to implement a suitable CSR strategy, supporting sustainable development in SMEs. And, for the latter, CSR‐oriented innovation has proven to be a valuable strategy for more efficient SMEs management because of the multiple competitive advantages it generates.
Keywords: Europe; Responsabilité sociétale des entreprises; Réservé UdeM

Sustainability of Social Innovation Hubs: Critical Evaluation - Al-Kilani, Mahmoud; Verkuil, Arie Hans; Meyer, Rolf (Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics and Business Law, 2021)
The fast pace of change brought on by advances in technology have led to significant pressure on companies to innovate to remain competitive and able to meet shareholders' demands. This paper reviews and explores the longitudinal development of business models between 1999 and 2019, focusing specifically on social hubs, as a co-working space for sharing knowledge. The academic literature gives limited empirical examination of social hubs and the extent to which social hub business models are sustainable. This paper (i) critically reviews and draws out the relevant concepts, namely, business model innovation, social innovation and social hubs; (ii) provides a workable definition for the new terminology of social innovation hubs; (iii) develops a deeper understanding of the role of business model innovation in social innovation hubs. The findings show that business model innovation and social innovation are underdeveloped in the literature. Moreover, the social hub business model requires further empirical research in order to capture value creation and sustain financial performance. Recommendations are made for further research to help guide social hubs towards delivering more value-added services to startups and SMEs.

Personal Antecedents of Social Entrepreneurial Intention in Different Country Clusters and Fields - Nurgul, Keles Taysir; Cigdem, Asarkaya (Voluntas, 2021)
The formation of social entrepreneurial intention (SEI) is a topic that attracts scholars’ attention recently. Previous studies in the literature mention the importance of personal background on the formation of such intentions (Mair and Noboa, in: Social entrepreneurship: How intentions to create a social venture are formed. In “social entrepreneurship” (pp. 121–135). Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2006); Dorado in Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 11:1–24, 2006; Scheiber in VOLUNTAS International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. 27:1694–1717, 2016; Bacq and Alt in Journal of Business Venturing 33:333–350, 2018; Hockerts in Journal of Social Entrepreneurship 9:234–256, 2018). However, these studies often use samples from a limited number of countries and/or regions. The aim of this study is twofold. First, this study aims to examine whether the main antecedents of SEI (major hardship, radical change, encountering others’ hardship, and role model) offered in our previous study (Asarkaya and Keles Taysir in Nonprofit Management and Leadership 30:155–166, 2019) based on a sample from a specific country, is applicable within a global context and across different fields. Second, various functions of the main antecedents that lead to the formation of SEI are explored. The list of Ashoka fellows is utilized, and the personal details of 255 social entrepreneurs are analyzed. There are some common patterns in these narratives, supporting the potential influence of the main antecedents. In addition, the weights of these antecedents vary across different fields; and they have distinct functions through which SEI is formed.

Consequences of technology and social innovation on traditional business model - Vrontis, Demetris; Morea, Donato; Basile, Gianpaolo; Bonacci, Isabella; Mazzitelli, Andrea (Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2021)
The growing presence of new players – beside those belonging to the institutional and third sectors – committed to supporting social and environmental causes through innovative approaches and tools leads to the profile of a for-profit enterprise increasingly committed to the pursuit of social goals. In the paper, the authors focus their attention on the existence of relationships between innovation and a company's social role in order to assess how innovation affects the social conduct of profit-making enterprises and to determine the birth of a new "hybrid" business model. In order to achieve this goal, research was carried out on a sample of 4,000 Italian Small and Medium-sized Enterprises that claim to operate according to a corporate social commitment, in order to investigate the existence of a relationship between innovative behavior and social and business purposes of companies having different Corporate Social Innovation policies. The data were analyzed using the conditional inference tree, a non-parametric class of tree regression model, which overcomes different regression problems involving ordinal and nominal variables. The results achieved make it possible to fill some gaps in the existing literature, to detect a relationship between technological and social commitment in a company and to open a debate on future research developments.
Keywords: Responsabilité sociétale des entreprises; Réservé UdeM; Social business model

Social Innovation and University Intellectual Property: Insights from the UK and Mexico - McDonagh, L.; Bonadio, E.; Alba Betancourt, A. (European Intellectual Property Review, 2020)
University intellectual property policies, and the accompanying strategies for incubation of IP via licensing and spin outs, have not received much analysis from academic lawyers. Moreover, despite the success of universities in the UK at generating income from IP, not much is known about how transferable this success is when considered in the light of a rapidly growing middle-income developing economy such as Mexico’s. In this article we analyse critically some of the key tenets of IP policies at universities in the UK to identify what the key legal principles underpinning university innovation are. We further consider the potential application of these principles in Mexico, where so far only a limited number of universities have developed IP policies and strategies in line with the incubator model. We explain how universities in Mexico could implement these research findings in their own IP policies. We further note that the mere provision of an IP policy is not a panacea – on its own it is insufficient for ensuring technology transfer and it may even encourage unnecessary patenting. Further investment in infrastructure and in establishing a culture of incubation and entrepreneurship is also required.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Europe; Libre accès; Propriété intellectuelle; UK

Lorsque les démarches d’exploration nécessitent de l’innovation collective - Rampa, Romain; Agogué, Marine (Revue francaise de gestion, 2020)
L’objectif de cette contribution est d’analyser les rôles que peuvent jouer les communautés de pratique dans des démarches d’exploration nécessitant de l’innovation collective. L’analyse se fonde sur une étude longitudinale de 16 mois. Les résultats montrent que des communautés de pratique dédiées à des méthodes d’exploration peuvent jouer un rôle majeur dans l’ouverture des processus d’innovation d’une organisation. Dépassant les fonctions d’un intermédiaire d’innovation, ces collectifs autonomes accompagnent cette dynamique en sensibilisant et en légitimant l’importance d’explorer certains enjeux d’innovation avec des partenaires, en structurant et en animant des démarches d’innovation collective, tout en interprétant et documentant les apprentissages et les résultats liés à ces initiatives.
Keywords: Communautés de pratique; Réservé UdeM

Are social enterprises technological innovative? A quantitative analysis on social entrepreneurs in emerging countries - Del Giudice, Manlio; Garcia-Perez, Alexeis; Scuotto, Veronica; Orlando, Beatrice (Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2019)
Technological innovation is the new backbone for companies. Exploiting and exploring new knowledge increase the chance of survival in the current dynamic market. Alongside, there are countries were be an innovative need to face up social and political challenges. This has transformed their economy, spreading an entrepreneurial mindset mingled with the willing to help a local community. This phenomenon is called social entrepreneurship which is leveraging new economies and building wealth, environmental system. In this vein, the present research seeks to offer qualitative research on 142 social entrepreneurs in an emerging country. The scope is to analyse if social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial characteristics, and entrepreneurial ecosystem influence innovation. As emerged, technological innovation is affected by the first two factors but the entrepreneurial ecosystem is still not supportive. New, several activities should be organised by the government to assist entrepreneurs, whereas, the entrepreneurs are socially motivated to build up his enterprise.
Keywords: Analyse quantitative; Réservé UdeM

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0): A Social Innovation Perspective - Morrar, Rabeh; Arman, Husam; Mousa, Saeed (Technology Innovation Management Review, 2017)
The rapid pace of technological developments played a key role in the previous industrial revolutions. However, the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and its embedded technology diffusion progress is expected to grow exponentially in terms of technical change and socioeconomic impact. Therefore, coping with such transformation require a holistic approach that encompasses innovative and sustainable system solutions and not just technological ones. In this article, we propose a framework that can facilitate the interaction between technological and social innovation to continuously come up with proactive, and hence timely, sustainable strategies. These strategies can leverage economic rewards, enrich society at large, and protect the environment. The new forthcoming opportunities that will be generated through the next industrial wave are gigantic at all levels. However, the readiness for such revolutionary conversion require coupling the forces of technological innovation and social innovation under the sustainability umbrella.
Keywords: Canada; Internet des objets; Libre accès

Social innovation activities in Japanese firms: A pilot study with text mining - Zhao, W. L.; Ouchi, N.; Watanabe, C. (2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 2016)
Nowadays, people are aware that many of the social changes and problems facing humanity cannot be solved by economic development or technological change alone. In recent years, many researchers have called for more attention to be given to social demand and social change. Although the concept of social innovation is still vague, solving social challenges through social innovation is considered to be important. At the same time, researches have been conducted on the importance of social enterprises and social entrepreneurs as players in social innovation. In addition to these researches, the roles and activities of firms in promoting social innovation should be focused on. This paper explores Japanese firms' social innovation activities by analyzing newspaper articles. The results show that firms tend to undertake social innovation by connecting their regular or core businesses with social innovation activities rather than building an innovative way to create social innovation.
Keywords: Asie; Réservé UdeM

The co-creation edge: harnessing big data to transform sales and procurement for business innovation - Gouillart, Francis J.; Quancard, Bernard (Palgrave Macmillan, 2016)
Rapid changes in business along with better informed customers threaten the traditional sales and procurement process. Thousands of sales and procurement people are threatened with extinction, yet all is not destined to be doom and gloom. A new way of partnering between these two roles can, in fact, create significant value for both organizations. Sales and procurement professionals have a bright future ahead of them if they can respond to six trends that the authors have identified in the business-to-business world. Each trend offers an opportunity to develop a new skill for sales and procurement professionals and adopt a new practice. Because these practices are not yet widely adopted as "best practices", the authors coin them "next practices." These trends include: working together to solve complex problems; organizing problem-solving networks across company boundaries; creating processes for live cross-company engagement; facilitating data driven, cross-company interactions fed by digital platforms; providing new personal experiences for individuals and lastly (and most importantly) creating new sources of value for firms. If these trends are adopted by organizations, the ability to co-create means providing significant value to both the sales management team at the supplier and the purchasing management team at the customer. With the alternative being that these job functions will be replaced by web-based or channel-based alternatives that will do most of what they do today at a fraction of the cost. Increasingly, there is no middle ground anymore. SAMs and senior buyers will either evolve into high value-added sales and procurement professionals, or disappear.
Keywords: Co-création; Réservé UdeM

Social Entrepreneurship - Richez-Battesti, Nadine; Petrella, Francesca (Encyclopedia of Creativity, Invention, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2013)
Social entrepreneurship is commonly used to qualify all economic initiatives that serve social and/or environmental mission and that reinvest a large part of their surpluses in support of their mission. Although this definition is not yet stabilized and its boundaries remain unclear, it focuses on the aim to achieve both economic efficiency and social innovation. It takes place within a context of great uncertainty about the future of welfare states and their capacity to meet new societal needs, of financial and budgetary constraints that force public authorities to develop new forms of interaction between public and private sectors, and therefore, of need to build new responses to societal challenges that are sustainable socially, economically, and environmentally. Within this context, all sorts of initiatives that can be qualified as social innovations are gaining interest.
Keywords: Ouvrages de référence; Réservé UdeM

Philanthropy and Innovation - Dodgson, Mark; Gann, David (Philanthropy, Innovation and Entrepreneurship: An Introduction, 2020)
This chapter examines the close relationships between philanthropy and innovation. A case study of philanthropy improving eyesight in Africa is provided. The crucial impact of philanthropy on science and universities is discussed. A case study of how philanthropy fundamentally changed Queensland University is provided. The intimate relationship between philanthropy and the arts is explored. A case study is provided of the impact of philanthropy on a major arts institution. The connections between philanthropy and social and humanitarian innovation is described.
Keywords: Australie; Réservé UdeM

Vers un « modèle français » de régulation de l’intelligence artificielle fondé sur l’innovation sociale ? - Chevret-Castellani, Christine; Labelle, Sarah (Communication, technologies et développement, 2021)
Nous présentons dans cet article les résultats d’une enquête sur les politiques publiques de régulation de l’intelligence artificielle et en particulier sur les stratégies mises en œuvre dans des cadres socio-politiques aux échelles nationales, européennes et internationales. La France a créé des instances dans lesquels des « frottements » entre acteurs différents sont possibles, comme les groupes d’experts ou le Partenariat Mondial sur l’Intelligence Artificielle. Nous considérons que le travail de la part de l’ensemble des groupes sociaux, impliqués dans les instances que nous observons, est consubstantiel à la régulation. Les acteurs publics et privés s’organisent pour échanger et interagir de façon structurée, notamment par la mise en place de ces instances, comme le PMIA. Les dispositifs et instruments, auxquels les différents acteurs participent, contribuent à conférer un sens aux activités de régulation. Notre hypothèse repose sur l’émergence d’un « modèle français » de la régulation qui tend à promouvoir la « confiance » et dont le sens est de parvenir à l’acceptabilité sociale de l’IA.
Keywords: Europe; France; Intelligence artificielle; Internet; Modèle de réglementation; Politiques publiques; Réservé UdeM

La collaboration sur les plateformes d’innovation sociale : le cas « Solidarité Covid-19 Francophonie » - Renard, Damien (Communication, technologies et développement, 2021)
Cette recherche vise à comprendre le processus de coproduction d’innovations sociales dans le contexte des plateformes numériques. À travers l’étude de la plateforme "Solidarité Covid-19 Francophonie", nous analysons comment l’intelligence artificielle facilite la collaboration entre des acteurs de cultures différentes et/ou développant des projets dans des domaines variés. Les résultats de l’étude ethnographique, complétée par une analyse quantitative, révèlent le développement des pratiques collaboratives grâce aux différents types de connecteurs, humains ou non-humains, qui organisent les échanges et facilitent la circulation de ressources affectives et cognitives. De manière paradoxale, l’analyse montre la difficulté de la plateforme à inclure certains publics.
Keywords: Co-production; Francophonie; Innovation collaborative; Innovation sociale; Intelligence artificielle; Libre accès

Usages émergents des technologies au service du développement : un nouveau paradigme des intelligences - Addo, Peter Martey; Baumann, Dominik; McMurren, Juliet; Verhulst, Stefaan G.; Young, Andrew; Zahuranec, Andrew J. (Policy Paper, 2021)
À seulement dix ans de l’échéance fixée pour atteindre les Objectifs de développement durable (ODD), les agences et organisations de développement ont besoin d’innover rapidement dans leurs approches en matière de processus décisionnels et de résolution des problèmes. De nouveaux enseignements et de nouvelles conceptions, nés des usages émergents des technologies, peuvent servir de vecteurs à certaines innovations. Ce document d’orientation applique le nouveau paradigme des intelligences – qui comprend l’intelligence des données, l’intelligence artificielle, l’intelligence collective et l’intelligence incorporée – pour présenter une vue d’ensemble des risques et bénéfices associés à différents usages émergents des technologies aux praticiens du développement ainsi qu’aux responsables et décideurs politiques. Ces analyses sont, dans la mesure du possible, illustrées d’exemples issus du terrain. Nous recommandons dans ce Policy Paper de créer un cadre décisionnel pour aider les praticiens à déterminer s’ils doivent investir dans des technologies émergentes et comment ces dernières peuvent être efficacement mises au service des objectifs de développement. Cette première itération du cadre décisionnel cherche à définir précisément les objectifs de développement pertinents tout en prenant en compte le contexte existant avant d’aborder la question des solutions en évaluant la maturité, les défis, les implications financières et les risques posés par l’usage des technologies, ainsi que la présence de facteurs limitants et de catalyseurs qui pourraient en moduler l’impact et l’adéquation.
Keywords: Data collaboratives; Données ouvertes; Impact; Innovation ouverte; Intelligence artificielle; Intelligence collective; Intelligence de données; Intelligence incorporée; Investissement; ONU; Objectifs de développement durable; Risques; Réservé UdeM; Technologie

Social Entrepreneurship in an Era of Disruption: Converging Social Change and Sustainability Through Big Data Analysis in a Post-COVID World - Nag, Manmeet Bali (Entrepreneurship and Big Data, 2021)
The world is witnessing an unprecedented disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic in almost all spheres of socio-economic activity. This black swan moment is unprecedented since the advent of the Industrial Revolution. Simultaneously, there is a shift towards effective use of data and technology. There is an exponential increase in the quantum of data collected and has subsequently necessitated a paradigm shift in the functioning of Industry 4.0. Data intelligence, data science, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep assimilation of nuanced knowledge revolutionize business and society worldwide. This heralds a potential transition towards data-intensive economies, governments, industrial and social sectors. The accelerated pace of data processing, data intelligence, and analytics encompasses business intelligence, data sciences and machine learning. The spectrum of such upheavals and associated technological transitions is a watershed moment and impacts business and social transformations. In the paper on the role of data in the social realm (Technology as a catalyst for sustainable social business: Advancing the research agenda, 2019). Ashraf et al. opine that “Despite its immense potentials as a sustainable and innovative means to solve specific social problems, the basic concept of the social business model remains unclear to many”. In recent times there has been an inconsistent approach towards social business research. Subsequently, the contemporary business scenario is yet to optimally capitalize on the advantages of the Social Business concept and address the divergent socio-economic and ecological issues worldwide, with profits intact. This should in no way dilute profit maximization for optimizing socio-economic benefits for value creation and sustainability. “Although the social enterprise is often considered to have positive future potential, it is currently underdeveloped” (Bell, 2003). Therefore, social entrepreneurship should generate and ensure nuanced and effective innovations, addressing underserved needs. In contemporary times, tools harnessing Big Data are becoming widely applied, leading to a huge reservoir of untapped diverse data. This subsequently creates an immense opportunity to accelerate the use of Big Data towards social good and sustainability. Though this is a recent trend, it indeed holds promise in the post-COVID world that would be privy to unprecedented socio-economic upheavals and an increased need to address issues of humankind for greater global welfare. In the recent past, diverse data sets have created large-scale solutions in diverse spheres ranging from weather forecasts to airline tickets. Insightful correlations and Big Data go hand in hand and hold the key to several complicated pressing social issues. Therefore, a new crop of social entrepreneurs in public health, social welfare, and humanitarian relief would surely emerge by default. Therefore, it is all the more relevant to make sense of a deluge of Big Data towards alleviating a disease, ecological imbalance, war, and most importantly, the patterns to cope with the disease and its aftermath. This chapter proposes anticipating and predicting the immense possibilities of optimizing Big Data and digitization as key critical drivers of empirical simulation and troubleshooting. Good governance, inclusive society, elimination of corruption, and streamlining policy measures would emerge as default collectives of such social entrepreneurial ventures. The chapter would draw inferences from such models of socially inclined data analytics by data scientists, leading to relevant social models of significance. Implications of the chapter would be to assuage the fault lines, draw inferences from the past, and delve into the plausibility and relevance of Big Data to replicate and innovate socially relevant models to map bigger social issues. This, of course, should have embedded benchmarks of equality, ethics, and empowerment while processing Big Data for a greater social good in a post-COVID world gaping at us.
Keywords: Big Data; Entrepreneuriat; Réservé UdeM; Social entrepreneurship

Social Entrepreneurship - Sumbly, Sangeeta (Entrepreneurship and Big Data, 2021)
Social entrepreneurship is today an imperative across the world. The scarcity of resources, the needs of the growing population, and the growing burden on the environment have made people realize a need for organizations that can be profitable while bringing positive change in society and the environment. Sustainable, out-of-the-box solutions are required for solving social challenges. The onus of providing these solutions are often taken by aspiring entrepreneurs, who see opportunity in the challenges and are willing to take risks to create innovative and effective solutions for society’s benefit. The chapter elucidates the meaning of social entrepreneurship, the difference between commercial and social entrepreneurship, the models of social enterprises in practice, and the recommended methodology to evaluate social impact. The chapter features international case studies (through secondary research) and cases about social entrepreneurs who have dramatically improved the lives of people while being financially sustainable – an organization like SELCO Solar Lights Private Ltd, ARMAAN, Yellow Leaf and Arvind Eye Hospital, and many others have provided solutions for the economically weaker section of society. Many of these new-age social entrepreneurs use Big Data and artificial intelligence to ensure that their initiatives create greater social change. Some of these initiatives are highlighted in the chapter.
Keywords: Big Data; Entrepreneuriat; Réservé UdeM; Social entrepreneurship; social

The application of virtual reality in empathy establishment: Foresee the future - Liu, Yuqi (2020 5th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Applications (ICCIA), 2020)
The establishment of empathy is the premise and foundation for diverse innovative proposals and problem solutions. Virtual reality has provided a full range of depth and breadth for the establishment of empathy in many different types of fields due to its immersive, interactive, and imaginative characteristics. In this study, bibliometric analysis and VOSviewer software are used to cluster and visualize relevant 190 articles from the Web of Science core collection. The essay proposes a positioning of how to apply virtual reality on empathy based on two dimensions, from internal world to external world, and from business innovation to social innovation, by integrating each two of them, four application methods are summarized, which are meaning shaping, value creation, individual satisfaction, and self-realization. What's more, using the bibliometric analysis result as a basis, the application landscape of virtual reality technology for establishing empathy has been constructed, including individual level, society level, and nature level, which reveals the existing and coming possibilities of using VR technology on building empathy in different fields. Last but not least, the paper has discussed the impact of virtual reality for empathy-building from five aspects, economy, politics, culture, society, and ecology. The efforts of this study reveal the VR tendency and have important reference significance for promoting the application of virtual reality technology in creating empathy and innovation in different fields.
Keywords: Culture; Empathie; Innovation; Politiques; Réalité virtuelle; Réservé UdeM; VR; Écologie; Économie

How to Encourage Social Entrepreneurship Action? Using Web 2.0 Technologies in Higher Education Institutions - García-Morales, Víctor Jesus; Martín-Rojas, Rodrigo; Garde-Sánchez, Raquel (Journal of Business Ethics, 2020)
University students will be our future business leaders, and will have to address social problems caused by business by implementing solutions such as social entrepreneurship ventures. In order to facilitate the learning process that will foster social entrepreneurship, however, a more holistic pedagogy is needed. Based on learning theory, we propose that students' social entrepreneurship actions will depend on their learning about CSR and their absorptive capacity. We propose that instructors and higher education institutions can enhance this absorptive capacity by exploiting Web 2.0 technologies. We tested our proposition with a sample of 425 university students using structural equation modeling and found support for the proposed relationships.
Keywords: Entrepreneuriat; Internet; Libre accès; Soutien; social

Redefining Education in the Digital Economy: The Role of Social Innovation-based Learning in Information Systems Education - Abhari, Kaveh; Koobchehr, Farzan; Huxford, Cyrus; Olivares, Fernando; Kohsuwan, Pocky; Sosa, Luis (Assoc Information Systems, 2020)
Social responsibility is at the core of modern Information Systems (IS) education due to increased attention by society on the ethics, human factors, and social consequences of emerging technologies. With the acknowledgement that most IS education falls short along these areas, this paper sheds light on the application of Social Learning and Social Innovation-based Learning in socially responsible IS Education. The connectivism principles were used to develop a learning model based on social innovation that was then tested by the example of an upper-division course (Systems Analysis) at a state university. The case study results suggested that the proposed learning model can help students to not only see information systems as social systems but also consider themselves as catalysts for positive change enabled by these systems. The findings also confirmed the positive impact of the proposed intervention on students' social skills. This study contributes to the future of IS education by proposing social innovation-based learning as a practical education paradigm for the digital economy.
Keywords: Accès gratuit sur inscription; Digital; social; Éducation; États-Unis

A Peer Recommendation Model to Avoid Hate Speech Engagements in Multiplex Social Networks - Caldera, H.M.M.; Meedin, G.S.N.; Perera, I. (2020 From Innovation to Impact (FITI), 2020)
Multiplex social network relationships are quite strong in most occurrences, especially within a strong peer network (a cluster of near engaging friends). Moreover, hate speech is found on most online social media platforms. Hence, this study aims to identify hate speech discussions among peer networks. This paper discusses a novel model to recommend a peer under the context of multiplex social networks to minimize the hate speech engagements; Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube social media networks (SMN) were used in this experiment. Collaborative filtering defines an interest-based recommendation model. Under the context of user engagements, some topics become of more user interest. Hence, some social media posts drastically spread over multiplex layers rapidly, initiating a high social impact on a specific topic. The research gap is identifying the peer network that reduces hate speech in multiplex social networks. Hence, this study provides a social innovation platform for peer recommendations to avoid social splits. First, this research contributes by proposing a novel methodology for identifying user engagements on online social networks by mining interactive social network graphs. Secondly, it provides an algorithm for recommending a multi-dimensional recommendation model by using collaborative filtering. Upon the proposed algorithm, a system that recommends engagements in any given online social network to minimize hate speech was implemented. Accordingly, the novel algorithm evaluates by using recommendation precision. The results show that the novel algorithm is highly applicable for peer recommendation in multiplex social networks to avoid hate speech discussions.
Keywords: Médias sociaux; Réservé UdeM

Logistics Innovation and Social Sustainability: How to Prevent an Artificial Divide in Human–Computer Interaction - Klumpp, Matthias; Zijm, Henk (Journal of Business Logistics, 2019)
Human–computer interaction (HCI) is a cornerstone for the success of technical innovation in the logistics and supply chain sector. As a major part of social sustainability, this interaction is changing as artificial intelligence applications (Internet of Things, autonomous transport, Physical Internet) are implemented, leading to larger machine autonomy, and hence the transition from a primary executive to a supervisory role of human operators. A fundamental question concerns the level of control transferred to machines, such as autonomous vehicles and automatic materials handling devices. Problems include a lack of human trust toward automatic decision making or an inclination to override the system in case automated decisions are misperceived. This paper outlines a theoretical framework, describing different levels of acceptance and trust as a key HCI element of technology innovation, and points to the possible danger of an artificial divide at both the individual and firm level. Based upon the findings of four benchmark cases, a classification of the roles of human employees in adopting innovations is developed. Measures at operational, tactical, and strategic level are discussed to improve HCI, more in particular the capacity of individuals and firms to apply state‐of‐the‐art techniques and to prevent an artificial divide, thereby increasing social sustainability.
Keywords: Développement social; Human–computer interaction (HCI); Innovation logistique; Innovation technique; Internet; Réservé UdeM

Blockchain et Intelligence Collective pour le Design des Connaissances de l'Internet des Objets: Modélisation du pouvoir d'agir des objets connectés - Szoniecky, Samuel (2018)
Cet article est une réponse prospective aux besoins de l'Internet des Objets en termes de simplicité d'utilisation, de gestion de la sécurité et de préservation de la vie privée. Nous proposons de satisfaire ces besoins à travers une plateforme d'intelligence collective utilisant des cartographies sémantiques en réalité augmentées pour récolter les interactions des utilisateurs avec des objets connectés. L'association de l'intelligence collective et des cartographies sémantiques permet d'envisager un design de connaissances où les capacités d'action des objets connectés sont facilement compréhensibles et modifiables par les utilisateurs. Dans ce dispositif, les technologies de blockchain sont utilisées pour partager en sécurité l'expression des utilisateurs et ainsi augmenter la confiance dans l'Internet des Objets et par la même contribuer au développement d'une réflexivité collective sur les usages de ces écosystèmes sociotechniques.
Keywords: Europe; France; Internet des objets; Mesure de la perception; Réservé UdeM

Commonshare: A New Approach to Social Reputation for Online Collaborative Communities - Rough, Daniel; De Paoli, Stefano; Wilson, Anna (Social Science Computer Review)
Reputation systems are a popular feature of web-based platforms for ensuring that their users abide by platform rules and regulations and are incentivized to demonstrate honest, trustworthy conduct. Accrual of "reputation" in these platforms, most prominently those in the e-commerce domain, is motivated by self-interested goals such as acquiring an advantage over competing platform users. Therefore, in community-oriented platforms, where the goals are to foster collaboration and cooperation among community members, such reputation systems are inappropriate and indeed contrary to the intended ethos of the community and actions of its members. In this article, we argue for a new form of reputation system that encourages cooperation rather than competition, derived from conceptualizing platform communities as a networked assemblage of users and their created content. In doing so, we use techniques from social network analysis to conceive a form of reputation that represents members' community involvement over a period of time rather than a sum of direct ratings from other members. We describe the design and implementation of our reputation system prototype called "commonshare" and preliminary results of its use within a Digital Social Innovation platform. Further, we discuss its potential to generate insight into other networked communities for their administrators and encourage cooperation between their users.
Keywords: Digital; Réservé UdeM

Understanding small-scale gold mining practices: An anthropological study on technological innovation in the Vale do Rio Peixoto (Mato Grosso, Brazil) - Massaro, Luciana; de Theije, Marjo (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018)
Artisanal and small-scale gold mining in the Amazonian countries has undergone important technological improvements in recent decades. Nevertheless, this type of mining is largely associated with the use of rudimentary, low-tech and often manual methods, with inefficient gold recovery. This article aims at investigating how innovations and improvements in the technology used in small-scale gold mines are connected to a broader perception of the miners about the integration of more modern and effective techniques. A technographical approach enabled the understanding of mining practices as embodied cultural knowledge and to fill the information gap between the study of materials and techniques with the study of people and communities. We discuss how the technology of small-scale gold mining in the region of Peixoto de Azevedo (Mato Grosso, Brazil) has changed since the early 1980s, giving particular attention to the recent introduction of two main innovations: the mechanized exploration drill and the cyanidation process. In this region, miners are successfully organized in cooperatives efforts to mutually reinforce the integration of innovative and effective techniques. Finally, we introduce the three notions of foresight (visão), agility (agilidade) and development (desenvolvimento) that emerged during fieldwork and conceptually frame the likeliness of acceptance and promulgation of innovations in this context. Sustainable mining may only succeed if a wider vision of the future of the sector (foresight) joins public policies that facilitate the practical process of innovation during each phase of its realization (agility) in order to achieve an advanced social status of the local community (development). Highlights • Technological innovation is connected to miners' perception of appropriate practices. • A sustainable mining occurs when technological innovation joins social innovation. • Foresight, agility and development are key concept for adopting technical innovation. • Forming local cooperatives ease the development of the small-scale mining sector.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Réservé UdeM

Innovation governance in the forest sector: Reviewing concepts, trends and gaps - Weiss, Gerhard; Hansen, Eric; Ludvig, Alice; Nybakk, Erlend; Toppinen, Anne (Forest Policy & Economics, 2021)
Innovation in the forest sector is a growing research interest and within this field, there is a growing attention for institutional, policy and societal dimensions and particular when it comes to the question of how to support innovativeness in the sector. This Special Issue therefore focuses on governance aspects, relating to and bridging business and political-institutional-societal levels. This includes social/societal factors, goals and implications that have recently been studied under the label of social innovation. Furthermore, the emergence of bioeconomy as a paradigm and policy goal has become a driver for a variety of innovation processes on company and institutional levels. Our article provides a tentative definition of "innovation governance" and attempts a state-of-art review of innovation governance research in the forest sector. For structuring the research field, we propose to distinguish between organizational/managerial, policy or innovation studies. For the forestry sector, specifically, we suggest to distinguish between studies focusing on (i) innovative governance of forest management and forest goods and services; on (ii) the governance of innovation processes as such, or (iii) on specific (transformational) approaches that may be derived from combined goals such as innovation governance for sustainability, regional development, or a bioeconomy. Studies in the forest sector are picking up new trends from innovation research that increasingly include the role of societal changes and various stakeholders such as civil society organizations and users. They also include public-private partnership models or participatory governance. We finally should not only look in how far research approaches from outside are applied in the sector but we believe that the sector could contribute much more to our general scientific knowledge on ways for a societal transformation to sustainability. • We sketch the state-of-knowledge in innovation governance in the forest sector. • We provide a definition and possible categorizations of innovation governance. • We discuss recent research avenues, including social innovation and bioeconomy. • We assess how this Special Issue contributes to our scientific knowledge. • We discuss state of art, research gaps and possible future research directions.
Keywords: Bioéconomie; Fôrets; Gouvernance; Innovation; Réservé UdeM

Social media for social good? A thematic, spatial and visual analysis of humanitarian action on Instagram - McCosker, Anthony; Kamstra, Peter; De Cotta, Tracy; Farmer, Jane; Shaw, Frances; Teh, Zoe; Soltani Panah, Arezou (Information, Communication & Society, 2021)
As an image and location sharing platform, Instagram oﬀers intimate visual access to events, experiences and situations in a manner that is mobile and contextual. Partnering with Australian Red Cross, this paper develops a mixed methodology for using Instagram data to identify and understand individuals’ everyday humanitarian activity in a major urban centre (Melbourne, Australia) outside of the temporal frame of crisis. The research integrates hashtag data collection with thematic analysis in a Geographic Information System (GIS) to use visualise the links between types of humanitarian action, their motivations and contextual situations to precise urban locations. These attributes of Instagram posting practices oﬀer a base layer of information about disparate prosocial action taking place in an urban context. We see this as informing and sustaining a new hybrid mode of promotional and humanitarian communication, evidencing social good ‘place making’ and enabling new forms of visible humanitarian participation.
Keywords: Australie; Réservé UdeM

Editorial : Digital social innovation: An overview and research framework - Qureshi, Israr; Pan, Shan L.; Zheng, Yingqin (Information Systems Journal, 2021)
Digital social innovation (DSI) involves the use of digital technologies in the development and implementation of innovative products, services, processes and business models that seek to improve the well-being and agency of socially disadvantaged groups or address social problems related to marginality, inequality and social exclusion (Qureshi, Pan, & Zheng, 2017; Shalini et al., 2021). Information Systems Frontiers, 22 (11), 1 - 21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-020-09991-6 153 Parthiban, R., Qureshi, I., Bandyopadhyay, S., & Jaikumar, S. (2021). Social inclusion/exclusion (Diaz Andrade & Doolin, 2016; Iivari et al., 2018; Riaz & Qureshi, 2017); social inequality (Qureshi et al., 2018; Zheng & Walsham, 2008, 2021) Embedded agency of DSIrs How are DSIrs able to engage with local institutions yet bring change in these very same institutions? 151 Pandey, M., Bhati, M., Shukla, D. M., & Qureshi, I. (2021). 152 Parthiban, R., Qureshi, I., Bandyopadhyay, S., Bhatt, B., & Jaikumar, S. (2020).
Keywords: Digital; Réservé UdeM

Women entrepreneurs' digital social innovation: Linking gender, entrepreneurship, social innovation and information systems - Suseno, Yuliani; Abbott, Ling (Information Systems Journal, 2021)
This article responds to increasing discourses on digital social innovation (DSI) from the perspectives of women entrepreneurs. Using the individual differences theory of gender and information technology (IDTGIT), this research explores how digital technology is used by women entrepreneurs to create opportunities in response to the challenges associated with individual identity, individual influences, social influences and structural influences. We also extend the IDTGIT by exploring how technology is used by women entrepreneurs in their DSI ventures and how technology facilitates the social impact of such ventures. This paper draws on a qualitative study using interviews with 17 women entrepreneurs in Australia, and our findings indicate that individual identity, individual influences and social and structural influences play a significant role in inhibiting women entrepreneurs' business ventures but technology helps to create opportunities for women entrepreneurs to address these factors. We also found that technology plays a role in helping women entrepreneurs to pursue social innovation in two different ways: through social innovation that is embodied by technology and social innovation that is enabled by technology. Our findings further indicate the social impact of DSI in the areas of education, employment, environment and climate, community development and progress and healthcare. The theoretical and practical implications of DSI for women entrepreneurs are provided.
Keywords: Australie; Digital; Réservé UdeM

Digitalisation, social entrepreneurship and national well-being - Torres, Pedro; Augusto, Mário (Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2020)
This study examines the influence of digitalisation and social entrepreneurship on national well-being. Taking a configurational approach, the results show that digitalisation can benefit national well-being if the country has an adequate educational system, good governance, and a philanthropy-oriented financial system. Digitalisation can leverage these conditions in promoting national well-being. The study also contributes to entrepreneurship literature as it clarifies the role of social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship impacts national well-being when institutions are weak, but it is indifferent in developed economies, which gives support to the institutional void perspective. This finding contributes to the ongoing debate on the role of the institutions on the creation of social enterprises and advances knowledge on the social impact of social entrepreneurship. Additionally, the results show that a combination of conditions is required to achieve high levels of national well-being.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial; Réservé UdeM

The potential of ICT-enabled social innovation - Kedmenec, Irena; Detelj, Kristina; Kadoić, Nikola (2019 42nd International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), 2019)
Although social innovation is an old paradigm, social innovation courses appeared in the curricula in the approximately last ten years. By doing so educational institutions acknowledged the existence of new approaches to obstacles that the world is facing. The courses regarding the social innovations give the students valuable knowledge and skills related to solving different social problems, increasing the motivation for being active in the society, and raising awareness about specific topics that need attention. An important role in implementing social innovation have ICT technologies. The role of the ICT is multiple: (1) administrative (members of the certain social initiative collaborate on the project through different ICT tools that enable communication and information organization), (2) disseminative and educational (the topic of the social initiative is disseminated through different tools and social media), and sometimes (3) topical (it the topic of social innovation project is directly connected to specific ICT technology). Based on the roles that the ICT takes upon in the process of social innovation implementation, the authors present ICT solutions that could be included in the realization of a social innovation course for business students at the graduate level.
Keywords: Relations industrielles; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Building and Validation of Scale to measure the Perception of Social Innovation Ecosystems - Nespolo, Daniele; Fachinelli, Ana Cristina; Giacomello, Cíntia Paese (Revue internationale d'intelligence economique, 2019)
Understanding the criteria for the formation and development of social innovation ecosystems is crucial to establish appropriate strategies for their creation, maintenance and expansion. In this regard, strategies should be focused on social development actions, mainly supported by governments and members of the society. Silva, Sá and Spinosa (2019) reinforce that the interaction between government, industry and academia, coined in the literature as Triple Helix, by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000), has been increasingly recognized for driving the transformation of scientific and technological results into economic results. According to a study by Schaffers et. al (2012), the progress towards the understanding of the intersection between urban economy, innovation networks, technology platforms, services and their applications, collective intelligence and innovation theories themselves is one of the challenges for innovation. This understanding can help scholars, governments and professionals to explore new directions and produce knowledge and solutions to make cities smarter. This study aimed to carry on a previous study by Nespolo and Fachinelli (2017) as well as build and validate a scale to measure the perception of social innovation ecosystems.
Keywords: Mesure de la perception; Réservé UdeM; Triple Helix

Smart technologies as social innovation and complex social issues of the Z generation - Roblek, Vasja; Mesko, Maja; Dimovski, Vlado; Peterlin, Judita (Kybernetes, 2018)
This paper aims to present how contemporary students are self-organizing using smart technologies (ST) and the future social implications of ST. The research model is based on the concepts of the soft system methodology, social systems thinking, innovative smart systems, and cybernetic and knowledge management. Design/methodology/approach The study contains elements of exploratory and descriptive case studies. Narrative analysis and interpretation of the collected data have been carried out. Findings Students mostly use ST to save time when studying and in their free time. Students are surprised by how ST developed and are cautious when imagining how the technology will change and affect their lives. They are concerned regarding several ethical dilemmas of using it, such as privacy and spending time with their loved ones and friends. Students perceive their self-organization in the future as very dependent on the availability of ST in institutional settings (e.g. education and business process) as well as their personal lives. Students discuss their present perceptions about what the future will be and note that social system will be more dynamic in terms of socialization, and loss of personal contact with their friends and family is seen as the main threat. Research limitations/implications The research is qualitative, and the questionnaire was carried out among business students at the Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Practical implications The paper offers an understanding of the usage of ST among business students. This study provides a road map of a few possible ways for usage of ST among students. The topic is also relevant for human resource managers, technology developers and marketing strategists for their better understanding of the behaviour of young people using ST in professional or private environments. Social implications The findings can be useful for professors in identifying different learning methods that are useful for their students. Originality/value The authors offer conceptualizations of ST within the social innovation framework and provide a contemporary understanding young people’s ST usage.
Keywords: Technologies intelligentes; Version libre-accès ResearchGate

Technology Adoption and Social Innovation: Assessing an Online Financial Awareness Platform - Gasparini, Gian-Luca; Prospero, Aurora; Katmada, Aikaterini; Satsiou, Anna; Konecny, Miroslav; Hanečák, Peter (Springer International Publishing, 2018)
The purpose of this paper is to present the factors that should be taken into consideration when assessing the level of acceptance of an ICT solution by the general public, as well as the innovating impact that such solution is expected to have at the level of society in the European Union. This involves the integration of social and technical skills and expertise, in order to gather the necessary feedback from the users in a clear and concise way. The final goal is to provide an online service that improves the quality of life and work of its users. In order to do so, such service needs to be capable of performing in a way that is as effortless as possible for the user, who will in turn be motivated to use it repeatedly. Moreover, the content of the online service must be able to address a social need in a way that is more efficient and novel than what has been available until then.
Keywords: Mesure de la perception; Réservé UdeM

Consommation et innovation sociale inversée dans l’espace francophone : quand les consommateurs participent à l’amélioration des conditions de vie des producteurs - Ledjou, Jean-Michel; Randrianasolo-Rakotobe, Hanitra (Revue Organisations & territoires, 2021)
L’Union européenne comme les pouvoirs publics français peinent à trouver des solutions aux crises agricoles. Le secteur laitier n’échappe pas à la règle. En 2016, quelque 7000 consommateurs français ont activement participé à la coconstruction d’une filière laitière guidée par un objectif social : améliorer les conditions de vie des producteurs. L’innovation repose ainsi sur une nouvelle méthode de fixation du prix de vente du lait conditionné. Nous montrerons par cet exemple ainsi que par d’autres exemples en France que ce type de coconstruction constitue une innovation sociale inversée. Cette dernière tire parti d’un demi-siècle d’apprentissage fondé sur l’institutionnalisation du « caractère équitable » d’un bien, lequel est au coeur du commerce équitable Nord-Sud. Le label « équitable » n’est donc plus réservé aux seuls pays en développement. Nous analyserons également la portée des technologies numériques (TN) qui réduisent la « distance sociale » entre producteurs, implantés au Sud ou au Nord, et consommateurs. Ainsi, les consommateurs peuvent arbitrer à travers les TN, et ce, dans plusieurs filières.
Keywords: Commerce équitable; Europe; Libre accès

From Research to Numbers: Role of Universities in Social Innovation - Cunha, Jorge; Ferreira, Carla; Araújo, Madalena; Benneworth, Paul (Springer International Publishing, 2022)
Commonly, social innovation is defined as new ideas proposals to the needs of humans. However, there is a lack of a well-definition comprehensive leading the fragmentation of field research. On the other hand, the contribution of universities for social innovation development is still less investigated. In this sense, this study intends to explore interrelations between universities and social innovation in relation to different lines of investigation employed. For this, a content analysis was applied to results obtained by Cunha et al. [1]. Five categories of analysis were defined. Findings revealed that there are a number of studies that applied qualitative research to investigate practical examples of social innovation inside of universities and few empirical studies. A link among keywords social innovation, higher education, and social entrepreneurship was found. Furthermore, the analysis showed that there is not a leader country but a distribution across several countries, where Spain and United Kingdom stand out. Thus, this result suggests that it would be helpful to develop an instrument to measure academics’ engagement with social innovation research and practice. In addition, this research contributes to current knowledge regarding the role of universities in social innovation model, providing new theoretical and practical insights of investigation.
Keywords: Europe; Rôle des universités

Integrating Social Innovation into the Curriculum of Higher Education Institutions in Latin America: Insights from the Students4Change Project - Unceta, Alfonso; Guerra, Igone; Barandiaran, Xabier (Sustainability, 2021)
In the last two decades, social innovation (SI) and social entrepreneurship (SE) have gained relevance and interest within the framework of academia at international level. Higher education institutions (HEIs) are key players in promoting innovation and social entrepreneurship initiatives that respond to multifaceted challenges. They support strategies on the basis of the strengthening of participation, collaboration, and cooperation with society and its local communities. However, the approach of Latin American universities to SI and SE has been very uneven in the way they have understood them, integrated them into academic programmes, and transferred knowledge to society. On the basis of the experience of the Students4Change project, we sought to understand the role of Latin American HEIs in promoting social innovations by analysing the experiences of 10 participating universities to formalise a pedagogical programme on SI and SE in their institutions. The results suggest that there is still a need to formalise an academic syllabus that is speciﬁcally designed to promote social innovations and to train universities in this endeavour. This paper contributes to the identiﬁcation of the main levers of change, strengths, and challenges that Latin American universities face to institutionalise SI and SE in their contexts.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Libre accès; Rôle des universités

The social impact of universities: assessing the effects of the three university missions on social engagement - Carl, Johannes; Menter, Matthias (Studies in Higher Education, 2021)
Whereas the economic impact of universities is undisputed, the social impact of universities remains vague. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how universities influence firms’ social engagement. Based on survey data of more than 7,000 German firms, our results reveal that universities positively affect firms’ social engagement mainly through teaching activities. Hence, our findings give impetus to a reinforcement of the university mission ‘teaching’ as a central lever for social change and increased social awareness as well as to a reorientation of the third university mission toward social needs. This paper thereby contributes to our understanding of the changing missions and values of universities and adds to the literature by exploring the underlying mechanisms of the social impact of universities. We conclude the paper with fruitful future avenues of research.
Keywords: Europe; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Decentering social innovation: the value of dispersed institutes in higher education - Lough, Benjamin J. (Social Enterprise Journal, 2021)
Purpose – This paper aims to illustrate how dispersed institutes of social innovation operating as intermediary actors within higher education institutions (HEIs) may help overcome many of the institutional bureaucracies and structures that inhibit social innovation in higher education.
Keywords: Version libre-accès ResearchGate

Social Innovation at Technical Universities – State of the Art - Berg, Julia; Leicht-Scholten, Carmen (Proceedings of ISPIM Conferences, 2021)
This paper presents the state of the art in promoting social innovation at five leading technical universities in Europe. We assess how these leading technical universities implement social innovation in their strategies, teaching, and research. The results show that all universities highlight the importance of finding solutions to global challenges and addressing Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) as a fundamental university strategy for example by promoting social innovation. Moreover, all address the universities’ need to contribute to sustainability and the Sustainable Development Goals. However, social innovation does not play an important role in research and teaching as the results show that social innovation has so far been little addressed in research and teaching. Based on the political framework in the five European countries, we draw up conclusions for technical universities
Keywords: Europe; Rôle des universités

Contribution of Higher Education Institutions to Social Innovation: Practices in Two Southern European Universities - Monteiro, Sílvia; Isusi-Fagoaga, Rosa; Almeida, Leandro; García-Aracil, Adela (Sustainability, 2021)
The interactions between the higher education sector and society and industry have been attracting increased attention in terms of ways to develop social innovation solutions to societal problems. Despite calls from politicians and the existence of some guidelines, we know little about how higher education could incorporate social innovation activities into its structure and missions. This study examines some practice experiences in two southern European public universities in Portugal and Spain. We show that the third mission of universities, which includes social innovation, is both linked to the first two missions of teaching and research, depending on the university’s historical and social context. The high dependence of higher education institutions on economic returns increases the importance of political action to drive the development of social innovation activities. This conditioning factor seems to be intrinsic to some of the barriers that have been identified, such as lack of legitimization and recognition of social innovation practices at the formal governmental level.
Keywords: Europe; Libre accès; Rôle des universités

Digital Innovation during COVID-19: Transforming Challenges to Opportunities - Yu Chen; Roldan, Malu (Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 2021)
The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) swiftly changed almost all aspects of our lives and society. In this paper, we depict course adjustments that we made to an undergraduate digital innovation course project, called Innovation Farm (IF), in response to the pandemic. Designed as an in-person course project, IF requires students to create AIpowered Android apps to address important social issues. As stay-at-home orders came into effect in March, 2020, we shifted the course to the online modality refocused its student topics to address social issues that COVID-19 has engendered. Accordingly, we also discuss three challenges that we faced and the strategies we employed to cope with them; namely, framing students' social innovation topics in the COVID-19 context, using virtual studios for online groupwork, and hosting a virtual pitch competition. Surprisingly, these strategies not only addressed the challenges but also created unintended benefits and opportunities. We hope to encourage educators to consider the possibilities in transforming challenges to opportunities during these unprecedented times.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités; États-Unis

University Medialabs: New Learning Spaces for Educational Innovation - Almaraz-Menéndez, Fernando; Martín-García, Teresa; López-Esteban, Carmen (Journal of Strategic Innovation and Sustainability, 2021)
Higher Education Institutions, like many other organizations, are facing pressure from the development of digital technologies as a push towards the digitization of their activities and towards a type of change that some describe as disruptive and that forces them to review their processes and structures. This article describes the case of the medialab of the University of Salamanca, MEDIALAB USAL, as an experience of new learning space in higher education. Its origin is explained from the experiences of citizen technology laboratories and experimental laboratories at the point of intersection between Art, Science and Technology. Its structure and working methods are explained, and its activities are illustrated through the description of four educational innovation projects based on different digital technologies: a mathematics didactics project using AppInventor, Wikipedia as a tool for knowledge generation, Arduino for innovation in the teaching of Fine Arts and a university Hackathon as an activity to introduce students to social and entrepreneurial innovation processes.
Keywords: Collaboration; Durabilité; Europe; Hackathon; Innovation pédagogique; Innovation sociale; Laboratoire vivant; Libre accès; Living Labs; Médialab; Technologies; numérique

Unpacking Formation Mechanisms of Social Innovation Initiatives in Cuernavaca, Mexico - Lüken, Harmke Jan; Zapf, Jan (Malmö University, 2021)
This study seeks to unpack the formation mechanisms of social innovation (SI) initiatives in Cuernavaca, Mexico. Subsequently, this study employs a qualitative case study to investigate (1) local embedding, (2) trans-local connectivity and (3) university linkages of SI initiatives in Cuernavaca. Previous research indicated that socio-spatial dynamics are critical for the development of SI initiatives. Furthermore, previous research asserted that universities are imperative to SI in the context of Latin America. Nevertheless, previous research contemplating the formation mechanisms of SI was primarily westerncentric and displayed an inadequacy to acknowledge SI in the context of Latin America. Based on previous research this study presents a theoretical framework that classifies the results in eight typologies based on (1) local embedding, (2) trans-local connectivity and (3) university linkages. All three dimension are classified as either "high" or "low", which grants insights into influential formation mechanisms. Subsequently, a sample of n=10 SI initiatives was compiled and twelve semi-structured interviews with representatives of the SI initiatives were conducted. The results indicate three typologies of SI initiatives. Five SI initiatives were classified as: HLH – high local embedding, low trans-local connectivity, and high university linkages. Four initiatives were classified as: LHH – low local embedding, high trans-local connectivity, and high university linkages. One initiative was classified as HLL – high local embedding, low trans-local connectivity, low university linkages. The results indicate that SI initiatives either seek to address local challenges or direct their efforts to trans-local challenges. Furthermore, universities evidently play a critical role in the formation of SI initiatives in Cuernavaca and Mexico. This study contributes to SI literature by presenting evidence that universities possess critical roles in the formation of SI. Future research should increasingly embed universities into theoretical approaches when investigating SI formation mechanism in Latin America.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Libre accès

Transformational spaces: educators discuss map the system and supporting Canada’s emerging generation of systems thinkers - McGowan, Katharine; Calf Robe, Latasha; Allan, Laura; Bray-Collins, Elinor Flora; Couture, Mathieu; Croft, Sarah; Daling, Antonio; Farahbakhsh, Amy; Grossman, Susan; Hassan, Sara; Heidebrecht, Paul; Helwig, Nicole; et al. (Social Enterprise Journal, 2021)
The purpose of this paper is to explore multiple Canadian educators' experiences with the Map the System (MTS) competition, designed to foster and grow systems thinking capacity among students exploring complex questions. The challenge has been an opportunity for social innovation programs (from the nascent to the established) across Canadian post-secondaries to engage both with their own communities and with social innovators internationally, connecting social innovation spaces as part of their third mission. Across the organizations, students valued the interdisciplinary and systems thinking qualities, and organizations benefited from the external competition, there remain questions about organizational engagement in social innovation as a deeply transformative process internally. Design/methodology/approach All Canadian post-secondary institutions who participated in the 2020 MTS competition (17) were invited to a digital roundtable to discuss their experiences. Ten were able to participate, representing a range of post-secondaries (including large research institutions, undergraduate-only universities and colleges). To facilitate discussion, participants met to discuss format and topics; for the roundtable itself, participant educators used a google form to capture their experiences. These were summarized, anonymized and redistributed for validation and clarification. To reflect this collaborative approach, all participant educators are listed as authors on this paper, alphabetically after the organizing authors. Findings For students participating in MTS, they have built both their interdisciplinary and systems thinking skills, as well as their commitment to achieving meaningful change in their community. But MTS arrived in fertile environments and acted as an accelerant, driving attention, validation and connection. Yet while this might align with post-secondary education’s third mission, educators expressed concerns about sustainability, internal commitment to change and navigating tensions between a challenge approach and collaborative work, and internal work and national competition limitations. This complicates the simple insertion of MTS in a post-secondary’s social innovation-related third mission. Research limitations/implications This study was limited to Canadian post-secondaries participating in MTS, and therefore are not representative of either post-secondaries in Canada, or all the MTS participants although Canada is well represented in the challenge itself. Additionally, while the authors believe their approach to treat all participants as authors, and ensured multiple feedback opportunities in private and collectively, this is a deliberate and potentially controversial move away from a traditional study. Social implications More than half of Canadian universities (a subgroup of post-secondaries) had at least one social innovation initiative, but questions have been raised about whether these initiatives are being evaluated internally, or are triggering the kinds of transformative internal work that might be an outcome. Understanding the impact of MTS one example of a social innovation-related initiative can help advance the broader conversation about the place (s) for social innovation in the post-secondary landscape – and where there is still significant work to be done. Originality/value As Canada has only participated in MTS for four years, this is the first inter-institution consideration of its related opportunities and obstacles as a vehicle for transformational social innovation. As well, educators talking openly and frankly to educators reinforces the collaborative quality of social innovation across the post-secondary landscape.
Keywords: Canada

Engineering education through social innovation: the contribution of professional societies - Gorham, Douglas; Nwulu, Nnamdi (Lecture notes in networks and systems, 2020)
This book explores the nexus between professional technical societies and engineering education by examining several societies' efforts to promote and support engineering and engineering education in the areas of pre-university education, university education and informal education through programs and activities designed to leverage social innovation. Professional societies are in a unique position to support and contribute to engineering education, and have dedicated substantial resources to social responsibility programs and activities that promote engineers and engineering. The book is chiefly intended for engineers, engineering educators, staff members of professional technical societies, and for the broad range of scholars whose work involves technology education and education policy.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM

New Challenges in Universities: Teaching Social Entrepreneurship - Lam-Lam, Suisin; Ahumada-Tello, Eduardo; Plascencia-López, Ismael; Ovalle-Osuna, Oscar Omar; Virginia Barragán-Quintero, Reyna; Evans, Richard David; Soria-Barreto, Karla (2019 IEEE Technology Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON), 2019)
This study analyses the importance of teaching social entrepreneurship in state universities. A survey was applied to university students to find out if personality traits are related to the characteristics of social entrepreneurship. This was achieved through Alpha Cronbach and Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis. The results show that students have the personality traits to become social entrepreneurs. However, social entrepreneurship courses are not taught in universities of Tijuana city. Therefore, it is strongly suggested to teach social entrepreneurship in universities of the city and the state because students possess social entrepreneurship traits and are interested in the subject.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Utilizing Crowdsourcing in Education: Academic Retiree and Professional Continuity - Raus, Mohd. Ikhsan Md.; Supian, Suzaini Harmiruslin; Zolkefley, Mohd Khairul Ikhwan Bin; Aziz, Muhd Eizan Shafiq Abd (Springer, 2019)
The socioeconomic challenges caused by aging populations have encouraged many countries to reevaluate the place of the elderly in society as well as to adopt measures in encouraging them to be participative. In recent decades, crowdsourcing has been identified as a rapid growth of innovative Internet-based information and communication technologies in giving the opportunities to educational organizations to reach their goals. With their accumulated skills and knowledge, academic retirees can be resourceful to society. However, their knowledge and experiences seem to be undervalued and underutilized. Retired academics have better opportunity to extend their contribution in the society as their valuable knowledge is more appreciated than people from other background. Retired academics tend to be able to fulfill their desire for professional continuity following retirement more markedly than people from other backgrounds. This paper analyzes the use of crowdsourcing in educational activities, especially for the academic retirees. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are to take an exploratory look on how educational organizations use crowdsourcing as part of their activities at the present time, and to suggest how the practice of crowdsourcing may expand to other educational activities in future.
Keywords: Asie; Réservé UdeM

Empowering social innovators through collaborative and experiential learning - Pappas, Ilias O.; Mora, Simone; Jaccheri, Letizia; Mikalef, Patrick (2018 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 2018)
Educating social innovators in higher education is of great importance as many societal challenges exist. This study combines experiential learning with ICT tools to provide students with the needed competences and experiences to solve societal challenges. We employ this approach in an innovative course, named Experts in Teamwork (EiT), which follows the experiential learning cycle. The participants of this study are undergraduate students interested to learn how they can solve societal challenges. Specifically, 26 students with various background and nationalities participated. A collaborative platform was developed that supports teamwork and cooperation, as well as the social innovation process. The findings show that this approach can influence positively learning outcomes and increase students' engagement and motivation with both social innovation and the learning process. Also, students' creativity was increased leading to the development of better solutions. The overall outcomes contribute to theoretical and practical development, to allow educators to take appropriate measures to enhance students' learning experience and foster social innovation through ICT.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

Toward the Practice of Social Innovation for the Common Good: An Integration of “Teaching-Research-Service” - Han, I.; Hou, Sheng-Tsung (Social Innovation and Business in Taiwan, 2016)
“Many suppliers and users of social research are dissatisfied, the former because they are not listened to, the latter because they do not hear much they want to listen to” (Lindblom & Cohen, 1979: 1). As mentioned in Chapter 1 of this book, the recent events of global financial crisis and a series of Occupy Wall Street protests have raised reflections of business management education on MBA trainings. The question of whether management research and education can be a facilitator toward events that would eventually destroy the world economy or a facilitator toward achieving social value and human glory has been raised with those reflections. MBA graduates should not be used as profiting tools for big corporations anymore. Moreover, the separation between management theory and industry practice has, for a long time, caused a dilemma with regard to the difficulties inherent in dialogue between academia and industry. There have been urgent calls to embody management research into applicable industry knowledge in order to minimize the gap in between the two (Anderson, Herriot, & Hodgkinson, 2001; Rynes, Bartunek, & Daft, 2001; Van de Yen & Johnson, 2006).
Keywords: Asie; Réservé UdeM

Universities and social innovation for global sustainable development as seen from the south - Arocena, Rodrigo; Sutz, Judith (Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2021)
Potential contributions of universities to social innovation are explored with special attention to Southern countries. The normative guide is the notion of Sustainable Human Development understood as stressing the agency of least-advantaged sectors. The main challenges stem from decreasing sustainability and increasing inequality. Their impacts are highly dependent on how the tension between economic growth and environmental protection is managed. Improving actual perspectives demands harnessing advanced knowledge to foster inclusive and frugal innovation. For this to occur, universities need to be main actors. The context in which they act is analyzed with reference to the National Systems of Innovation conceptualization. Possible evolutions of universities as agents of social innovation are discussed with the aid of the Multi-Level Perspective. The importance of the Southern experience of innovating in scarcity conditions is highlighted and illustrated with the specific experience of a Latin American university. The cooperation of universities with weak social actors in ways that involve advanced knowledge appears as a key theoretical issue and as a difficult practical problem for the effective engagement of universities in social innovation. The diverse issues that such engagement needs to integrate conform an ambitious research program, of which the paper aims at giving a first glimpse.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Développement Durable-Responsabilité Sociale (DD-RS); Innovation sociale; Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités

How social start-ups avoid being falling stars when developing social innovation - Battistella, Cinzia; Dangelico, Rosa Maria; Nonino, Fabio; Pessot, Elena (Creativity & Innovation Management, 2021)
The aim of this study is to provide new insights into the social innovation (SI) development process in the context of social start-ups. A multiple case study identifies the issues and mechanisms for social start-ups to develop a social need into a potentially scalable innovation and to validate and scale it up, while avoiding a possible failure. Results show that key challenges faced by social start-ups can be characterized according to the stage of the SI development path. Firstly, social start-ups' failure can be caused by the lack of expertise in social problems and of flexible processes for social ventures creation; secondly, by the lack of awareness of SI benefits and proper resources allocation; and, finally, by a weak understanding of the impact and intangible outcomes of the developed SI in society, while ensuring its economic sustainability. Successfully overcoming these challenges requires social start-ups to put in place the following mechanisms: (1) leveraging a vision and motivations that balance tensions in terms of the radical, economic and cultural aspects of SI; (2) engaging the SI stakeholders in different (and sequential) phases of SI development process; and (3) identifying and adopting the most suitable technological, financial and communication tools in an integrated way.
Keywords: Libre accès; Startup ecosystem

Rediscovering the Cooperative Enterprise: A Systematic Review of Current Topics and Avenues for Future Research - Camargo Benavides, Andres Felipe; Ehrenhard, Michel (VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 2021)
For decades, the cooperative enterprise (CE) produces market goods and/or provides services in the interest to its members, such as communities, customers, and suppliers. The upsurge of interest in social enterprises, and their balancing of social and economic interests, has also led to a renewed interest in CEs, often seen as a speciﬁc type of social enterprise. However, from an organizational perspective, this renewed interest has been both limited and scattered over a variety of ﬁelds. In this paper, we systematically review papers on CE in the mainstream organizational literature, deﬁned as literature in the ﬁelds of economics, business, management and sociology. Our review integrates and synthesizes the current topics in the mainstream organizational literature and provides a number of avenues for future research. In addition, we compare our ﬁndings in the organizational literature to the social issues literature as these appeared to be quite complimentary. We found multilevel studies, determination of social impact—in particular measurable impact, managerial practices for sustainable (organisational) development, and the entrepreneurial opportunity generation process as the four key avenues for future research.
Keywords: Coopératives; Entreprise; Entreprise sociale; Recherche; Réservé UdeM

Regional Institutional Arenas for Social Innovation: A Mixed Methods Research - Chatzichristos, Georgios; Nagopoulos, Nikolaos (Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 2021)
Social innovation is conceptualised as having two intimately related pillars: institutional innovation and locally embedded innovation, in the sense of social economy. Two main research questions were addressed: how political, institutional innovation is fostered and how does it influence social economy? A mixed methods research was conducted in the Mühlviertel NUTS3 region. Despite a framework of enhanced autonomy and institutional innovation for the main stakeholders, both macro and micro analysis illustrate a lack of intermediate space to: a) link the innovative agenda to high-state political agendas, and b) link institutional innovation to social economy.
Keywords: Innovation sociale; Méthodes; Réservé UdeM

Quelle structuration de la démarche de Développement Durable-Responsabilité Sociale (DD-RS) à l’université ? L’exemple des universités françaises - Petitjean, Jean-Luc; Ory, Jean-Francis; Côme, Thierry (Recherches en Sciences de Gestion, 2021)
L’article est basé sur une enquête portant sur la structuration de la démarche de développement durable et responsabilité sociale (DD-RS) dans les universités françaises. Il s’appuie sur la théorie de la structuration et la Théorie Néo-Institutionnelle pour construire un cadre conceptuel à la structuration de cette mission. Ce dernier est confronté à la pratique des établissements et débouche sur une typologie fondée sur le rôle de l’implication politique, de la culture du pilotage et des isomorphismes. La discussion autour de cette typologie, à partir d’une ACM montrant l’existence de groupes homogènes d’universités quant à leur structuration d’une démarche DD-RS, permet d’affiner le rôle de chacun des facteurs du modèle conceptuel.
Keywords: Développement Durable-Responsabilité Sociale (DD-RS); Réservé UdeM; Rôle des universités; Théorie Néo-Institutionnelle

Innovation in development cooperation: emerging trajectories and implications for inclusive sustainable development in the 21st century - Silva, Ana Luísa (Innovation & Development, 2021)
In the past twenty years, innovation has slowly, but steadily, become an important presence in development cooperation discourse and practice. The ambitious UN 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda has accelerated this trend, providing a strong framework for the main argument in favour of an innovation agenda for international development: without new ideas and innovative solutions, solving the current global development challenges will not be possible. Although this innovation-push is in line with a wider predominant view of innovation as an inherently positive force of progress, that alone does not explain when, how, and why innovation becomes a key topic in the field. This paper seeks to fill this gap in the literature, providing an initial overview of innovation in development cooperation in the post-2000s. It argues, firstly, that innovation has always been part of international development policy and practice. Secondly, it links the recent strengthening of the innovation discourse to three trends in the systemic transformation of the field: the triumph of metrics-based agendas, the ICTs and digitalization revolutions, and the role of private sector actors. It concludes by critically assessing the implications of this narrative in changing the politics of innovation towards more inclusive sustainable development policies and practices.
Keywords: Coopération; Invention; Réservé UdeM

Navigating big finance and big technology for global change: the impact of social finance on the world's poor - Peterson, Gayle H.; Yawson, Robert; Joan, E.; Nicholls, Jeremy (Palgrave studies in impact finance, 2020)
The role of big finance and technology in social change is rapidly evolving. This book examines why large financial players are entering the social sector through social finance. Drawing on empirical research, the authors analyse the opportunities this new interest and commitment presents as well as the potential harm that can be done to vulnerable people when beneficiaries are not treated as partners and the social needs of people are not placed at the centre of the investment model. This book introduces a ‘Deliberate Leadership’ framework to help big finance tackle problems with no easy solutions. The book also analyses how current technologies (including blockchain) are being used and the benefits and drawbacks of different features of these technologies from the standpoint of the beneficiary and investor. The authors derive a series of insights into the model of technology for social finance and impact investing. Written as a practical book for students alongside a field book based on an action learning methodology, this volume will be useful to those in social finance and impact investing.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; Social finance

Model-Driven Ethical, Social and Environmental Accounting - Ramautar, Vijanti (2020)
Ethical, social and environmental accounting is the practice of assessing organisations' performances in sustainability and business ethics topics. The organisations typically publish the results in a sustainability or non-financial report. We aim at offering a novel perspective from which researchers investigate, practitioners apply and policy-makers regulate ethical, social and environmental accounting (ESEA). The large quantity of ESEA methods and tools causes managerial problems, affecting the identity of social enterprises and complicating policy making. We will develop a domain-specific modelling language to specify existing ESEA methods and capture the advantages of model-driven engineering. We will create a repository where method models can be stored. These models contain the data structure and configuration of the methods. We will also develop openESEA, a run-time model interpreter that automatically executes ESEA method models. We will offer features to allow organisations to tailor the methods to their needs, to support model management operations, and to compare existing methods to inform policy makers about their similarities and differences. This project combines expertise in information science and social entrepreneurship with the intention to pave the way to future research avenues in ESEA and, eventually, to profound changes towards a fair and sustainable economy.
Keywords: Développement Durable-Responsabilité Sociale (DD-RS); Ethical, social and environmental accounting (ESEA); Réservé UdeM

Why are social enterprises good candidates for social innovation? Looking for personal and institutional drivers of innovation - Tortia, Ermanno C.; Degavre, Florence; Poledrini, Simone (Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 2020)
The last few years witnessed theoretical and practical contributions to the field of social innovation and social enterprise. However, analysis of the interplay between these two different realms is still limited. This article aims to fill some gaps in this respect. We deal with historical reconstruction of the concept of Social Enterprise and Social Innovation, and their conceptual premises. We consider the process of creation of social innovation in social enterprises. As members’ motivations, ownership rights and governance rules in social enterprises create a new relational context and new routines, which are germane to the production of social knowledge and deliberation, social innovation can be considered one of the main outcomes of this setting. Social motivations, collective action of a cooperative kind, multistakeholder governance and socialization of resources, and their interplay are singled out as main drivers of innovation. Social innovation is seen as akin to novelty in social interaction, a non-standardized and non-standardizable outcome of the operation of this organizational form.
Keywords: Entreprise; Europe; Innovation sociale; Mise en valeur; Réservé UdeM

Social innovation in a developing country: invention and diffusion of the Brazilian cooperative incubator - Almeida, Mariza; Mello, Jose Manoel Carvalho De; Etzkowitz, Henry (International Journal of Technology and Globalisation, 2012)
The incubator model of a support structure to develop high-tech ﬁrms from academic research was imported from the USA to Brazil, where it serves a variety of economic and social purposes. The Brazilian cooperative incubator is a creative reinterpretation of the business incubator model to advance social innovation. It addresses issues of social exclusion, poverty and unemployment by empowering favela residents to create their own jobs. Having diffused broadly, the Brazilian cooperative incubator allows us to address the issue of growth in social enterprises. This paper employs a triple helix dynamic model, including government (local, regional and national), academic (different types of universities, industry (ﬁrms of varying scale and sector, industry associations) and NGOs (non governamental organizations) to explain the diffusion and expansion of this innovation in social entrepreneurship.
Keywords: Amérique latine; Libre accès

Dynamique de développement et construction partenariale de l’entreprise d’économie sociale : l’exemple de la Caisse de la Culture - Vézina, Martine; Rousselière, Damien (Économie et Solidarités, 2011)
Cette recherche se propose d’explorer le processus de développement de l’entreprise d’économie sociale issue d’un partenariat fondateur. Nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à la façon dont l’entreprise d’économie sociale opère, à travers ses choix d’orientation et organisationnels, l’équilibre entre ses besoins propres de développement et les besoins spécifiques de son partenaire de fondation. La Caisse d’économie Desjardins de la Culture constitue le terrain d’investigation. Le rôle de cette organisation, issue d’un partenariat avec l’Union des artistes (UDA), est passé de celui de prestataire de services aux membres de l’UDA à celui d’agent de développement du milieu de la culture. En décrivant les étapes et leviers de ce passage, nous nous attachons à comprendre le mécanisme d’autonomisation de l’organisation par rapport à son partenaire d’origine.
Keywords: Partenariat; Réservé UdeM

Design for social innovation in Canada - Imbesi, Lorenzo (Common Ground Publishing, 2016)
Design has always played a role in the process of production, transformations in society and the economy, shifts in technology and impacts on the environment. The nature of the changes created by our post-industrial era is challenging the character of design and its role in society. The post-industrial era is creating complex projects for technology, service, systems, strategy and products. Clients are even becoming undefined stakeholders, and this can be extended to the entire community and the environment. The rise of digital technology and the knowledge society are introducing a new culture, which can be open, participatory, shared and collaborative. Here the designer is acting as a researcher, always questioning the character of the project, its outcomes and process. Open access, co-design, crowdfunding, digital manufacturing, open-source, DIY, enabling systems and networking can be included in the toolbox of the designer and can create opportunities to drive the change towards sustainability, equity and democracy. Social innovation is leveraging forms of collaboration and co-production in which designers, innovators, users and communities co-create knowledge and solutions for a wide range of social needs, exploiting the networking technologies. This book explores a number of areas where design can contribute to face the contemporary transformations in our society with real-life collaborative research and innovation projects. Through a number of Canadian social innovation case studies collected in social, environmental and technological fields, we recognize how the role of the designer cannot be limited to the production of finished objects; rather, designers can create tools and platforms to help users and citizens participate in projects, even allowing forms of personalization
Keywords: Canada; Innovation sociale

The role of social innovation in criminal justice reform and the risk posed by proposed reforms in England and Wales - Fox, Chris; Grimm, Robert (Criminology & Criminal Justice: An International Journal, 2015)
The UK government has called for a rehabilitation revolution in England and Wales and put its faith in market testing. It hopes this will lead to greater innovation, resulting in reductions in re-offending while also driving down costs. However, many of the most innovative developments in criminal justice over recent decades have come through social innovation. Examples include restorative justice and justice reinvestment. In this article we argue that while social innovation will respond to some extent to conventional economic policy levers such as market testing, de-regulation and the intelligent use of public sector purchasing power it is not simply an extension of the neo-liberal model into the social realm. Social innovation, based on solidarity and reciprocity, is an alternative to the logic of the neo-liberal paradigm. In policy terms, the promotion of social innovation will need to take account of the interplay between government policy, social and cultural norms and individual and social capacity. Current proposals for reforming the criminal justice system may not leave sufficient scope to develop the conditions for effective social innovation.
Keywords: Europe; Réservé UdeM

Using Social Innovation as a Theoretical Framework to Guide Future Thinking on Facilitating Collaboration Between Mental Health and Criminal Justice Services - Hean, Sarah; Willumsen, Elisabeth; Ødegård, Atle; Bjørkly, Stål (International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 2015)
Offender mental health is a major societal challenge. Improved collaboration between mental health and criminal justice services is required to address this challenge. This article explores social innovation as a conceptual framework with which to view these collaborations and develop theoretically informed strategies to optimize interorganizational working. Two key innovation frameworks are applied to the offender mental health field and practice illustrations provided of where new innovations in collaboration, and specifically co-creation between the mental health system and criminal justice system, take place. The article recommends the development of a competency framework for leaders and front line staff in the mental health system and criminal justice systems to raise awareness and skills in the innovation process, especially through co-creation across organizational boundaries.
Keywords: Co-création; Collaboration; Criminologie; Innovation sociale; Justice; Réservé UdeM; Santé

Using the ESID Model To Reduce Intimate Male Violence Against Women - Sullivan, Cris M. (American Journal of Community Psychology, 2003)
This paper describes how the Experimental Social Innovation and Dissemination (ESID) model was successfully used to reduce male violence against women in an intimate relationship. The women in the study who worked with advocates (the key feature of the program) were significantly less likely to be abused again compared to their counterparts in the control condition. They also reported a higher quality of life and fewer difficulties in obtaining community resources even 2 years after the short-term intervention. The advocacy provided consisted of five phases: assessment, implementation, monitoring, secondary implementation, and termination. Assessment collected important information on the client's needs and goals. This involved asking the women what they needed and by observing women's circumstances. In response to each unmet need identified, the advocate worked with the woman to access appropriate community resources. This was the implementation phase. The third phase involved monitoring the effectiveness of the intervention. The advocate and client assessed whether the resource had been obtained and whether it met the identified need. If it was not effective, advocates and clients initiated a secondary implementation to meet the client's needs more effectively. Termination of the intervention consisted of three components. First, advocates emphasized termination dates from the beginning of the intervention in order to prevent termination from surprising the client. Second, beginning about week seven of the 10-week intervention, advocates intensified their efforts to transfer the skills and knowledge the women had acquired throughout the course. Third, advocates left families with written “termination packets,” which contained lists of community resources, helpful tips for obtaining difficult-to-access resources, and useful telephone numbers. A total of 143 women participated in the experimental condition, and women in the control group were not contacted again until their next interview; they received services-as-usual. 30 references
Keywords: Criminologie; Expérimentation; Innovation sociale; Réservé UdeM; Soutien social; États-Unis

The unintended consequences of biotechnology innovation adoption - Cumming, Douglas; Johan, Sofia; Oberst, Christian; Uzuegbunam, Ikenna (Industry & Innovation, 2020)
We conjecture that adoption of agricultural biotech innovation imposes relationship-specific investments that exacerbate hold-up costs between biotech producers and farmers. Moreover, the increasing presence of biotech reduces biodiversity, which is a significant negative externality on food production across farms. As such, increasing biotech has the potential to exacerbate food insecurity. By contrast, certified organic operations have the potential to have the opposite effect. We examine 15 agrarian states in the U.S. and find evidence strongly consistent with these propositions. We discuss implications for policy, practice, and future research.
Keywords: Réservé UdeM; États-Unis

The SHIFT Centre for Social Transformation - SHIFT Centre for Social Transformation

TDR | Social innovation news - World Health Organization (WHO)
Keywords: International

Resources - Publications - Presencing Institute (Presencing Institute)
global action research platform, working to understand and promote what's best for me or us that generate outcomes to improve wellbeing for all
Keywords: États-Unis

Social Innovation Canada - Social Innovation Canada (Social Innovation Canada)
Social Innovation Canada will create a unique, inclusive and open movement to put people and planet first. It will provide the collaborative infrastructure to strengthen Canada’s social innovation ecosystem, empowering people, organizations and systems with the tools, knowledge, skills and connections that they need to solve real and complex problems.
Keywords: Canada

Social Innovation | Thomson Reuters Foundation News - Thomson Reuters
Keywords: États-Unis

Resources - Concordia U.lab Social Innovation Hub
Keywords: Québec

Our impact - Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship (Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship)
The Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship launched its 2020 Impact Report which showcases the collective impact of the Schwab Foundation social entrepreneur community.
Keywords: Europe; Mesure d'impact; OBNL

Ashoka
Ashoka a été lancée en France en 2006. Depuis, 75 entrepreneurs sociaux ont été sélectionnés et bénéficient d’un accompagnement personnalisé par une équipe constituée d’une vingtaine de personnes, près de 80 mentors issus de l’Ashoka Support Network ainsi qu’une vingtaine de partenaires en mécénat de compétences. Le siège d’Ashoka France est situé à Station F, au coeur de l’écosystème entrepreneurial. Ashoka France a également contribué au développement de 2 structures : Share it et la Maison de l'apprendre.
Keywords: Europe; Organisme de soutien

News | Social Innovation Forum - Social Innovation Forum
Keywords: États-Unis

Framing improvements of public innovation in a living lab context: Processual learning, restrained space and democratic engagement - Fuglsang, Lars; Hansen, Anne Vorre (Research Policy, 2022)
Public innovation has received increasing attention in recent years. Experiments with new governance structures, such as New Public Management and New Public Governance, have challenged the traditional top-down, internally driven forms of innovation in the public sector and have entailed a search for new forms of open, collaborative and interactive innovation, implying a reframing of public innovation activities. However, introducing these new frames of innovation causes uncertainties in the public sector, necessitating better understanding of how public innovation can be changed to address societal needs. This paper uses materials from case studies of 21 public living labs across Europe to analyse the lessons that can be learned from public sector participation in living labs in terms of their contribution to reframing public innovation. The “frame” construct is used to analyse and provide an understanding of how participation in living labs helps public actors to reframe innovation and address public and societal needs. Three living lab framings for changing public innovation are identified (processual learning, restrained space and democratic engagement), and the degree of intensity of these framings with respect to involving stakeholders and addressing societal challenges is discussed. The paper contributes to knowledge of public sector innovation by extending previous accounts of how public innovation can be improved.
Keywords: Europe; Innovation publique; Laboratoire vivant; Libre accès; Living Labs

technosocial, technosociale
N'apparaît pas dans Termium Plus, dans IATE ou dans le GdT, en français ou en anglais. Il n'y pas non plus technologie sociale, techno-social.e (avec un trait d'union). On voit social tech (jargon) et social technology dans Wikipedia, mais les termes ne sont pas utilisés ailleurs.

Education and Social Innovation - Rasmussen, Palle (Encyclopedia of Educational Innovation, 2019)
The idea of social innovation has become increasingly popular in recent years, and as often happens with popular concepts it risks become overloaded. This happens, for instance, when social innovation is seen as the “soft” and humanistic alternative to versions of innovation dominated by science and technology. There has been a fast growing literature on social innovation, some of it in academic publications but perhaps most of it published by think tanks, semigovernmental agencies, and other organizations. Many different institutional fields for social innovation are discussed in the literature (Moulaert et al. 2013). Education is one of them, but much less frequently treated than fields like housing, intercultural relations, environmental issues, and childcare.
Keywords: Ouvrages de référence; Réservé UdeM; Sciences de l'éducation

Classification of Intangible Social Innovation Concepts - Milosevic, Nikola; Gok, Abdullah; Nenadic, Goran (Springer International Publishing, 2018)
In social sciences, similarly to other fields, there is exponential growth of literature and textual data that people are no more able to cope with in a systematic manner. In many areas there is a need to catalogue knowledge and phenomena in a certain area. However, social science concepts and phenomena are complex and in many cases there is a dispute in the field between conflicting definitions. In this paper we present a method that catalogues a complex and disputed concept of social innovation by applying text mining and machine learning techniques. Recognition of social innovations is performed by decomposing a definitions into several more specific criteria (social objectives, social actor interactions, outputs and innovativeness). For each of these criteria, a machine learning-based classifier is created that checks whether certain text satisfies given criteria. The criteria can be successfully classified with an F1-score of 0.83–0.86. The presented method is flexible, since it allows combining criteria in a later stage in order to build and analyse the definition of choice.
Keywords: Concepts; Innovation sociale; Libre accès; Sciences sociales; litterature

Corporate Social Innovation - Gupta, Ananda Das (Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2013)
Corporate social innovation is also called sustainable innovation. Corporate social innovation is about creating a good business by having sustainability as a focal point when the corporation develops a new product or service. This entails developing products or services which may relieve some of the world’s problems, such as disease, contaminated water, CO2 emission, hunger, or the lack of education. CSI is also referred to as CSR innovation. CSI is useful for businesses which work with innovation and/or CSR (corporate social responsibility).
Keywords: Ouvrages de référence; Responsabilité sociétale des entreprises; Réservé UdeM

Defining Social Innovation - Stanford Graduate School of Business (Stanford Graduate School of Business)
Social innovation is the process of developing and deploying effective solutions to challenging and often systemic social and environmental issues in support of social progress. Social innovation is not the prerogative or privilege of any organizational form or legal structure. Solutions often require the active collaboration of constituents across government, business, and the nonprofit world.
Keywords: Centre de recherche universitaire; Libre accès; États-Unis

Social Innovation - McMillin, Stephen Edward (Encyclopedia of Social Work, 2021)
Social innovation is not well understood within the context of macro-social work. Frameworks for understanding social innovation as having dimensions of social entrepreneurship, social intrapreneurship, and social advocacy are elaborated. Challenges to the comprehensive understanding and utility of social innovation for macro social work are discussed, especially an overemphasis on social entrepreneurship as the only typical expression of social innovation as well as a mistargeted, deficit-based approach which assumes that contemporary social work is dysfunctional and can only be made functional through social innovation and entrepreneurship. Global and multidisciplinary insights and applications of social innovation for macro social work are reviewed. Finally, how the macro-social work approach to social innovation builds on and advances business approaches to social innovation is discussed.
Keywords: Entrepreneuriat social; Ouvrages de référence; Réservé UdeM; Travail social

Social Business in the Context of Sustainable Development - Neiva, Samara da Silva; MacQueen, Jameson Henry; de Andrade Guerra, José Baltazar Osório Salgueirinho (Decent Work and Economic Growth, 2021)
Social business is a new kind of business model, which integrates multiple dimensions and meanings, including management experiences from private, public, and nonprofit organizations. Social business has a goal of solving social problems through entrepreneurship, combining efficiency, innovation, and resources from a traditional enterprise with mission and values of a nonprofit organization
Keywords: Ouvrages de référence; Relations industrielles; Réservé UdeM

Social Innovation - Nicholls, Alex; Dees, J. Gregory (International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 2015)
Social innovation refers to the processes and outcomes that develop a novel approach to addressing a social problem or need. Compared to commercial innovation, it poses some distinctive challenges, particularly with regard to the incentives to invest in it, assessment of performance, and diffusion of effective innovations. Scholars began paying attention to this phenomenon in the late twentieth century, but many open research questions remain. The term ‘social innovation’ has had two meanings in the academic literature. In its earliest scholarly uses, primarily in sociology, it was used to refer to the creation of new patterns of human interaction, new social structures, or new social relations. The second focuses on innovations designed to address a social or environmental issue or to meet a specific social market failure or need. Often, both types of innovation are combined to establish new patterns of social relations that have positive social outcomes.
Keywords: Entrepreneuriat social; Ouvrages de référence; Réservé UdeM; Sciences sociales

Innovation sociale | social innovation - - Travaux publics et Services gouvernementaux Canada Gouvernement du Canada (2015)
The creation, development, adoption and integration of new and renewed concepts and practices that put people and the planet first. Tiré de Internet. [http://socialinnovation.ca]. Centre for Social Innovation. "What the heck is social innovation?" (20140813)
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; Canada; Libre accès

Social Innovation - Hochgerner, Josef (Encyclopedia of Creativity, Invention, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2013)
Définition. "The attention paid to social innovation and the resources involved in the promotion, research, and implementation of social innovation increased, most remarkably after 2008, when the concept became the subject of mainstream policies in high places."
Keywords: Ouvrages de référence; Réservé UdeM

Social Innovation - Zu, Liangrong (Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2013)
Keywords: Ouvrages de référence; Réservé UdeM

Social Entrepreneurship - Anheier, Helmut; Juergensmeyer, Mark (Encyclopedia of Global Studies, 2012)
Social entrepreneurship is one of the most notable innovations in the global era. By challenging the conventions of established social and environmental organizations and building new models of cooperation and exchange between the public, private, and civil society sectors, social entrepreneurship aims to provide systemic and scalable solutions to some of the most pressing threats and urgent issues that currently impact billions of people around the world. It is concerned with the effects of climate change and environmental degradation, new health pandemics, water and energy crises, growing migration, seemingly intractable issues of inequality and endemic poverty, the rise of terrorism and nuclear instability, and the “challenge of affluence” in many developed countries. The impact and influence of social entrepreneurship can be identified across the world in terms of direct interventions and action on the ground and also in terms of its wider, political influence as a movement for societal change that aims to reframe debates and alter institutional logics to increase the effectiveness of the provision of public goods and grow the positive externalities of social and environmental action. This entry defines social entrepreneurship as a global-level phenomenon and locates it as a new set of logics and institutions that aim to achieve systemic change and address market failures across the public, private, and civil society spheres.
Keywords: Ouvrages de référence; Réservé UdeM; Science politique

innovation sociale - IATE European Union Terminology (IATE European Union Terminology, 2009)
conception et mise en œuvre de réponses créatives aux besoins sociaux
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; Europe; Libre accès

Center for social innovation - Center for social innovation
Before you get in too deep, you might want to know what we mean by “social innovation.” At CSI, we define social innovation as the creation, development, adoption, and integration of new and renewed concepts, systems, organizations and practices that put people and planet first. At their best, social innovations address root causes and change the very systems resisting change to unlock a better world for all. Social innovators achieve change by nudging and sometimes radically shifting markets, policies and cultures. Put simply, social innovation is about new solutions for a better world. We see them everywhere!
Keywords: Canada; OBNL

Présentation – CRISES UQAM - Centre de recherche sur les innovations sociales (CRISES)
Nouveaux arrangements sociaux, organisationnels ou institutionnels ou encore nouveaux produits ou services ayant une finalité sociale explicite résultant, de manière volontaire ou non, d’une action initiée par un individu ou un groupe d’individus pour répondre à une aspiration, subvenir à un besoin, apporter une solution à un problème ou profiter d’une opportunité d’action afin de modifier des relations sociales, de transformer un cadre d’action ou de proposer de nouvelles orientations culturelles. En trouvant preneur, les innovations sociales ainsi amorcées peuvent conduire à des transformations sociales.
Keywords: Centre de recherche universitaire; Québec

Innovation sociale - Office québécois de la langue française (Grand dictionnaire terminologique)
Changement qui a été effectué par une organisation ou une communauté, dans son approche ou dans ses pratiques, en vue de favoriser le mieux-être des individus et des collectivités ou de trouver une solution à un problème social en sortant des pratiques courantes.
Keywords: Bases de données terminologiques; Libre accès; Québec

Innovation sociale - Réseau québécois en innovation sociale (Réseau québécois en innovation sociale)
Une innovation sociale est une nouvelle idée, approche ou intervention, un nouveau service, un nouveau produit ou une nouvelle loi, un nouveau type d’organisation qui répond plus adéquatement et plus durablement que les solutions existantes à un besoin social bien défini, une solution qui a trouvé preneur au sein d’une institution, d’une organisation ou d’une communauté et qui produit un bénéfice mesurable pour la collectivité et non seulement pour certains individus. La portée d’une innovation sociale est transformatrice et systémique. Elle constitue, dans sa créativité inhérente, une rupture avec l’existant.
Keywords: Libre accès; OBNL; Québec