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Si la divination est l’une des données les plus fondamentales de la cité antique, l’apparente contradiction entre la divination et le rationalisme, dont les Grecs furent les « inventeurs », a en général conduit les modernes à estomper les signes, les oracles et les prophéties, et ce tant dans les histoires de la religion que dans celles des institutions politiques et sociales. Ce projet d’enseignement est la continuation de plus d’une décennie de recherche sur la divination, et plus particulièrement sur un des oracles les mieux documentés, celui de Trophonios en Béotie. Ce dernier servira de base à l’approfondissement de certains points fondamentaux, tous liés à l’approche méthodologique de la mantique grecque autant qu’au fond du problème.
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Ni le terme de "panthéon", ni celui de "polythéisme" n'ont été utilisés par les Grecs dans le sens que nous leur donnons aujourd'hui. Ce sont néanmoins des outils d'analyse essentiels, qui orientent la réflexion vers une donnée fondamentale du système religieux des Grecs, à savoir la pluralité du monde supra-humain. Cet ouvrage collectif rassemble une série de réflexions sur des configurations divines civiques ou régionales, avec une attention particulière aux problèmes posés par la lecture de la Périégèse de Pausanias, une source d'information particulièrement riche pour ce type d'approche.
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An article from Cahiers d'histoire, on Érudit.
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"In times of war, political strife, and economic recession, governments often call upon their citizens to get out and shop, reasoning that consumerism will save an ailing economy and restore public confidence in the health of the country at large. During the interwar period, mass culture took a firm hold on Western societies, causing the division between public and private to break down and for local events, products, and outlooks to become increasingly national and international in scale.Positioning consumer culture in Canada within a wider international context, Consuming Modernity explores the roots of modern Western mass culture between 1919 and 1945, when the female worker, student, and homemaker relied on new products to raise their standards of living, separate themselves from oppressive traditional attitudes, and re-invent themselves as progressive individuals. Mass-produced consumer products -- such as convenience foods, ready-made clothing, and labour-saving household devices -- promised to free up women to pursue other interests, which were shaped by what they saw and heard in cinemas, radio, and advertisements. Concerns over fashion, personal hygiene, body image, and health reflected these new expectations. This multifaceted edited volume is a fascinating look at how the forces of consumerism defined and redefined a generation."--Résumé de l'éditeur.
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In the wake of the Ottoman Empire’s nineteenth-century reforms, as guilds waned and new professions emerged, the scholarly ‘estate’ underwent social differentiation. Some found employment in the state’s new institutions as translators, teachers and editors, whilst others resisted civil servant status. Gradually, the scholar morphed into the public writer. Despite his fledgling status, he catered for the public interest all the more so since new professionals such as doctors, engineers and lawyers endorsed this latest social role as an integral part of their own self-image. This dual preoccupation with self-definition and all things public is the central concern of this book. Focusing on the period after the tax-farming scholar took the bow and before the alienated intellectual prevailed on the contemporary Arab cultural scene, it situates the making of the Arab intellectual within the dysfunctional space of competing states’ interests known as the ‘Nahda’. Located between Empire and Colony, the emerging Arab public sphere was a space of over- and under-regulation, hindering accountability and upsetting allegiances. The communities that Arab intellectuals imagined, including the Pan-Islamic, Pan-Arab and socialist sat astride many a polity and never became contained by post-colonial states. Examining a range of canonical and less canonical authors, this interdisciplinary approach to The Making of the Modern Arab Intellectual will be of interest to students and scholars of the Middle East, history, political science, comparative literature and philosophy.
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This chapter examines the historical evolution of Taiwan’s tourist image in Japan as a gourmet paradise from the context of postcolonial encounters in the 1960s to global tourism in the twenty-first century. To examine the textual and visual representations of Taiwan’s image, this research includes sources from travel magazines, guidebooks, and special editions on tourism in women’s magazines. In the 1960s, Taiwan was depicted as the ‘Orient’ in Japanese travel magazines, whereas the presence of food was not significant but often appears together with nightclubs and hostesses. As Japan’s economy boomed in the 1970s, guidebooks with rich visual images of cuisines began to replace literal travelogues in the making of the image of Taiwan. As this form of representation persists, Taiwan’s image as ‘the gourmet paradise’ continues to dominate the tourist market and shape Japanese general image on Taiwan. Moreover, after Taiwan’s generous donation to Japan for the recovery of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, various travel media further embeds Taiwanese food with the trust and intimacy between the host and the guests. This ‘gustatory gaze’ toward food images in travel media can thus be considered as an embodiment of a more complex history of Japan’s exotic longings and intimacy toward Taiwan.
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Chapter 6 The Internationalization of Capital: The Late Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries was published in Empires and Autonomy on page 93.
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Cet article se propose d’expliquer les origines et l’évolution de l’association, à première vue contre-nature, entre un État se proclamant du marxisme et une société étrangère issue de l’ex-métropole. C’est dans un contexte politique et économique bien trouble qu’ELF-ERAP décide de relancer ses activités pétrolières au Congo. L’article essaie de repérer la stratégie adoptée par ELF-ERAP face à un interlocuteur exigeant qui tente d’appliquer les méthodes des pays de l’Est. Quoique tendue et instable, une coopération s’instaure entre ces deux partenaires qui ne semblent pas complémentaires.
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With the Depression eroding France’s foreign trade, government authorities felt compelled to convene an imperial conference in order to seek solutions based on the consolidation of economic ties with the Empire, Inspiration came partly from the conference held in Ottawa in 1932 by Great Britain and its Dominions. The aim of the Paris gathering was to promote increased exports to the colonies as a substitute to foreign markets lost during the downswing. Likewise, importers were encouraged to buy from the colonies, rather than from foreign countries, thereby raising the purchasing power of the colonial population and its ability to import French goods. Although the program to institute a coordinated imperial economy appeared logical in principle, its implementation was complicated by economic realities and the non-complementary character of the metropolitan and the colonial economies.
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