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Key Messages Since the late 19th century, historians, geographers, and other scholars have conceived of the St. Lawrence River as a gateway that provided the basis for an east-west transcontinental nation. Although the Great Lakes initially were incorporated into the national histories of the United States and Canada, increasingly they came to represent boundary waters that transcended political borders. Environmental issues encouraged a few writers to think more about how the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence might be thought about together, as sharing waters and a history.

De par son caractère exceptionnel, la catabase n’a jamais manqué de susciter l’intérêt mais, paradoxalement, tant le phénomène que le concept n’ont reçu qu’assez peu d’attention en eux-mêmes, à tel point qu’une simple définition de la catabase, dont la simplicité apparente a pourtant fait long feu, demeure périlleuse. Plus d’un siècle après la publication, en 1893, de l’ouvrage classique d’Albrecht Dieterich sur l’Apocalypse de Pierre et du commentaire d’Eduard Norden sur le livre VI de l’Éné...

We pose a seemingly ageless question in economic history. To what extent did new entrants in the late nineteenth-century cotton-textile industry threaten the customary markets of the European core? Exploiting a newly constructed dataset on textile imports to Spain, we find that as trade costs fell, new rivals began to sell a greater variety of products. Along this dimension, competition can be said to have increased. In response, producers in Europe adjusted the type and number of goods exported. By 1914, specialization mapped onto endowments of skilled labour, capital, and access to raw materials. While firms in new industrializing countries exported low-end varieties, incumbents in the core shipped high-end goods, unit values increasing with levels of development.

Cet article s’attarde au drame de la thalidomide qui a frappé le Canada en 1962. S’appuyant sur divers documents d’archives, y compris des lettres envoyées au ministre fédéral de la Santé par des citoyens et citoyennes, et sur la couverture de la tragédie par les médias, il cherche principalement à analyser les débats que la naissance des bébés phocomèles ont provoqués afin de mieux cerner la conception que les sociétés canadienne et québécoise se faisaient des personnes handicapées au début des années 1960. Inspirée de la grille de classification développée par la philosophe française Marie-Claire Cagnolo au sujet des « logiques » qui ont présidé au traitement de ces personnes à travers l’histoire, l’étude conclut qu’une « logique séparatiste d’élimination » s’est alors clairement manifestée, en même temps qu’une « logique paternaliste de réparation » se faisait jour, mais sans que n’apparaisse une « logique sociétale d’intégration » qui aurait exigé de considérer le sort de tous les enfants handicapés, et pas seulement des bébés thalidomidiens, comme ce fut le cas.

The archaeological fieldwork conducted in Greece in 2014 under the aegis of the Canadian Institute in Greece is summarized here based on the presentation given by the Director at the Institute’s annual Open Meeting in Athens in May 2015.

Abstract. Making Saints in Modern China offers a new perspective on the history of religion in modern and contemporary China by focusing on the profiles of reli

Abstract. Making Saints in Modern China offers a new perspective on the history of religion in modern and contemporary China by focusing on the profiles of reli

Li Yujie (1900–1994) was a walking contradiction: a student leader of the Shanghai May Fourth movement and a Guomindang member and technocrat in the Nanjing government, but also a cadre in Xiao Changming's redemptive society—the Heavenly Virtues Teachings—and eventually the founder of two redemptive societies in his own right (the Heaven and Man Teachings and the Heavenly Emperor Teachings). Through a biographical study of Li Yujie, this article examines the complex appeal of redemptive societies to parts of the educated elite during China's Republican period. The author focuses particularly on the period between 1937 and 1945, when Li retired to the sacred mountain of Huashan. There, with the help of Huang Zhenxia, a self-taught intellectual also employed by the Guomindang, Li sought to modernize the "White Lotus" teachings that he had received from his master by incorporating scientific insights received via spirit writing. Li believed that he was creating a new religion more adapted to the twentieth century. Both the texts produced on Huashan and the military and political elite that were attracted to these texts allow us to raise new questions about secularism and religion, traditional beliefs and science in the context of Republican-period China, thereby suggesting that the conflict between the modernizing state and traditional religious culture was not always as stark as we have believed it to be.

This article engages with the entangled histories of Canadian foreign aid and relations between Indigenous peoples and Canada. Specifically, it traces a proposal in the early 1950s to use the Colombo Plan, the Commonwealth development program in which Canada was a participant, to transfer yaks from India for use in the "development" of the Inuit population in northern Quebec. While the relocation was ultimately never realized, the episode reveals how questions of race and empire, not least the environmental dimension of these, along with the priority accorded to promoting a liberal-capitalist version of "modernization," informed the imaginary underpinning the Canadian state's engagement with Indigenous populations and the Global South. More broadly, the subject matter highlights how the history of Indigenous-settler encounters informed Canadian attitudes regarding development assistance, and vice versa.

How has race shaped Canada's international encounters and its role in the world? How have the actions of politicians, diplomats, citizens, and non-governmental organizations reflected and reinforced racial power structures in Canada? In this book, leading scholars in Canadian international relations grapple with these complex questions, destabilizing conventional understandings of Canada in the world. Dominion of Race exposes how race thinking--normalizing racial differences and perpetuating them through words and actions that legitimize a discriminatory system of beliefs--has informed priorities and policies, positioned Canada in the international community, and contributed to a global order rooted in racial beliefs. Four themes develop throughout the volume: the relationship between empire, identity, and liberal internationalism; the tensions between individual, structure, theory, and practice; the mutual constitution of domestic and international spheres; and the notion of marginalized terrain and space. While the contributors reconsider familiar topics, including the Paris Peace Conference and Canada's involvement with the United Nations, they also enlarge the scope of Canada's international history by subject, geography, and methodology. By demonstrating that race is a fundamental component of Canada and its international history, this book calls for reengagement with the histories of those marginalized in, or excluded from, the historical record.

How has race shaped Canada's international encounters and its role in the world? How have the actions of politicians, diplomats, citizens, and non-governmental organizations reflected and reinforced racial power structures in Canada? In this book, leading scholars in Canadian international relations grapple with these complex questions, destabilizing conventional understandings of Canada in the world. Dominion of Race exposes how race thinking--normalizing racial differences and perpetuating them through words and actions that legitimize a discriminatory system of beliefs--has informed priorities and policies, positioned Canada in the international community, and contributed to a global order rooted in racial beliefs. Four themes develop throughout the volume: the relationship between empire, identity, and liberal internationalism; the tensions between individual, structure, theory, and practice; the mutual constitution of domestic and international spheres; and the notion of marginalized terrain and space. While the contributors reconsider familiar topics, including the Paris Peace Conference and Canada's involvement with the United Nations, they also enlarge the scope of Canada's international history by subject, geography, and methodology. By demonstrating that race is a fundamental component of Canada and its international history, this book calls for reengagement with the histories of those marginalized in, or excluded from, the historical record.

How has race shaped Canada's international encounters and its role in the world? How have the actions of politicians, diplomats, citizens, and non-governmental organizations reflected and reinforced racial power structures in Canada? In this book, leading scholars in Canadian international relations grapple with these complex questions, destabilizing conventional understandings of Canada in the world. Dominion of Race exposes how race thinking--normalizing racial differences and perpetuating them through words and actions that legitimize a discriminatory system of beliefs--has informed priorities and policies, positioned Canada in the international community, and contributed to a global order rooted in racial beliefs. Four themes develop throughout the volume: the relationship between empire, identity, and liberal internationalism; the tensions between individual, structure, theory, and practice; the mutual constitution of domestic and international spheres; and the notion of marginalized terrain and space. While the contributors reconsider familiar topics, including the Paris Peace Conference and Canada's involvement with the United Nations, they also enlarge the scope of Canada's international history by subject, geography, and methodology. By demonstrating that race is a fundamental component of Canada and its international history, this book calls for reengagement with the histories of those marginalized in, or excluded from, the historical record.