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This book addresses topics such as oracle bones, the treatment of women, fertility and childbirth, nutrition, acupuncture, and Qi. It also examines Chinese medicine as practiced globally in places such as Africa, Australia, Vietnam, Korea, and the United States
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Neurasthenia remains an important health problem in certain Asian populations, both in Asia as well as in a diasporic context. An anachronistic disease for Western observers, it has become an exotic culture-bound syndrome as well as a somatoform disorder too often hiding much more serious issues of depression. This article approaches this ‘problematic’ health issue from a historian’s point of view and offers a colonial genealogy that will discuss neurasthenia’s outline in French Vietnam. By retracing and analysing the different mentions, definitions, and uses of the term neurasthenia in the interwar period, it aims to better understand certain historical realities that might have shaped the local identity and spatiality of this problem (concentrated in colonial cities in which social change and modernity were expressed in their most salient forms), and perhaps even identify reasons that facilitated its post-colonial survival.
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Si le statut des médecines alternatives et complémentaires (MAC) au Canada à l’heure actuelle n’a a priori pas grand-chose à voir avec celui de la médecine vietnamienne dans le cadre colonial de l’Indochine française, il s’agit dans cet article de proposer une généalogie de la construction des médecines traditionnelles qui permette d’opérer des rapprochements porteurs entre ces deux espaces politiques, légaux, institutionnels et professionnels. Il aborde, par leur mise en perspective, le processus de domestication des MAC, la participation d’acteurs « traditionnels » de la santé à ce processus ainsi que le poids des attentes — et des demandes — populaires sur la construction d’une approche intégrée en santé dans le cadre d’une société métissée et profondément dynamique. En cela, cet article entend participer à renouveler l’historiographie tant de la mondialisation en santé que de la médicalisation et souligner l’importance d’une approche postcoloniale de l’histoire des médecines alternatives.
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Abstract Colonial pharmacists bio-prospected, acclimatized, chemically screened, and tinkered with plants and their parts, hoping to create products to supply colonial public health care, metropolitan industries, and imperial markets. This article's approach is to examine the trajectories of expertise of two French colonial pharmacists, Franck Guichard and Joseph Kerharo, to illuminate the history of modern medicinal plant research. Both men studied medicinal plants as part of their colonial duties, yet their interests in indigenous therapies exceeded and outlived colonial projects. We take this “overflow” as our point of departure to explore how science transformed medicinal plant values in French colonial and postcolonial contexts. Our focus is on the relationship between value and space—on the processes of conceptual and material (de-/re-)localization through which plant value is calculated, intensified, and distributed. We study and compare these processes in French Indochina and French West Africa where Guichard and Kerharo, respectively, engaged in them most intensively. We show that their engagements with matter, value, knowledge, and mobility defy easy categorizations of medicinal plant science as either extractive or neo-traditionalist. By eschewing simple equations of scientists' motivations with political projects and knowledge-production, we argue that approaching plant medicine through trajectories of expertise opens up grounds for finer analyses of how colonial power and projects, and their legacies, shaped scientific activity.