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  • Paganism was a European reality for most of the medieval period. Missionaries and monarchs worked to reduce it through proselytism, conquest and assimilation of the various pagan populations. Many texts bear witness to these contacts between Christians and idolaters, while the chroniclers, recounting great events of their time, had no choice but to speak of the conflicts that broke out between them. Possessing writing unlike their pagans’ counterparts, Latin Christians thus left their vision of these strange adversaries. Tinged with numerous filters, the latter in no way represented historical reality, but rather the perception maintained by the elite with regard to heathenism. Thus, in this study, we propose to study this vision of otherness, while we examine the accounts of these contacts between Christianity and their pagan neighbours. Focusing on the period between 772 and 1283, we propose a case study, composed of four sets. In the first chapter, Charlemagne’s war against the Saxons between 772 and 804 will be discussed. Then, we will approach the Slavs who were fought by the Ottonians and the Salians between the Xth century and the great revolt of 1066. Third, we will focus on the Wendes against whom crusades were carried out between 1147 and 1185. Finally, we will conclude this analysis with a study of the Prussians during the crusades against them in the 13th century. By a qualitative analysis of the vocabulary used to characterize the heathens, we can highlight certain characteristics attributed to them, allowing, in conclusion, a comparative analysis thereby allowing a portrait of the evolution of the representation of pagans.

Dernière mise à jour depuis la base de données : 20/07/2025 13:00 (EDT)

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