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Cet article vise à faire ressortir la contribution des femmes de la classe ouvrière montréalaise à l'économie familiale au cours de la Crise des années trente et à cerner l'impact de cette crise économique sur les différentes composantes de leur travail domestique. Une trentaine d'entrevues, réalisées auprès de femmes qui se sont mariées vers la fin des années vingt et au début des années trente, ont servi de base à la recherche. Leurs témoignages révèlent l'ampleur de certains phénomènes comme l'utilisation de moyens contraceptifs et le travail rémunéré à domicile, et mettent en relief la très grande pauvreté dans laquelle ces familles vivaient avant même que la Crise ne survienne. Pour plusieurs d'entre elles, la période des années trente n'a donc représenté qu'un épisode de plus dans leur lutte pour la survie.
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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
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German unification is both a cause and an effect of the restructuring of alliances now taking place with the end of the long postwar era. An enlarged Germany finds itself in a new geostrategic position at the centre of a henceforth unified continent and its vocation is pan-European. The underpinnings of its external policy and its security have been modified. In this context, the German government has opted not only for keeping a renewed NATO but also for deepening and widening Europe's economic and political institutions. It does not want to disappoint either the Americans or its European Community partners and those wishing to join the EC. Nor does it want to disappoint the East Europeans, including those-of the former Soviet Union. Nevertheless, the traditional policy of seeking non-isolation, at times not without ambivalence, is destined to change and could become more assertive. Two items testify to this change in direction : the "debate over normalization', which has brought down taboos in Germany, and the leadership role that Bonn has openly taken, for the first time since 1945, on the issue of recognition without further delay of Slovenia and Croatia by the European Community as of January 15 1992.
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Un article de la revue Nuit blanche, diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.
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Using the record books of M'Connel and Kennedy, a leading cotton-spinning firm in Manchester, this article traces the development of managerial strategies to elicit effort from workers during the Industrial Revolution. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, the firm had difficulty in extracting effort from its workers, who were unwilling to increase output without capturing some of the gains through wage adjustments. Since spinners controlled the work organization, M'Connel and Kennedy had to accommodate workers' demands for stable piece rates, which were codified in the Manchester list of prices of 1829.
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Using yarn prices and output as proxies for wages and employment, this paper asks how cotton spinning firms in the heyday of industrialization responded to demand shocks. The evidence is consistent with a two-sector efficiency wage model composed of large and small firms. Large firms incurred monitoring costs on their new technology. To eliminate shirking, they paid efficiency wages and laid off workers when faced by a reduction in demand. In small firms technical change was slower, and since monitoring was not a problem, they cut wages. Over the period, the number of small firms declined and layoffs increased.
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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
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Généalogie des représentations et attitudes face aux épidémies au Québec depuis le XIX' siècle
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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
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Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
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Analyse des importations grecques, notamment de leur répartition géographique et quantitative.
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