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Ten papers consider new sources of entrepreneurial finance, highlighting angel investors, government interventions, financial technology innovations, and how entrepreneurs' characteristics relate to fundraising success. Papers discuss the role of angel syndicates on the demand and supply of informal venture capital (VC); government intervention in VC markets; the validity of guarantee instruments; green project crowdfunding; linguistic style approaches for gaining empathetic attention from crowdfunding investors; blockchain, cryptocurrency, and initial coin offerings; the development of the minibond market for small and medium-sized enterprises; facilitating access to early-stage equity financing in developing countries; the financial literacy of entrepreneurs; and the pedagogical value of social entrepreneurship competitions at the individual level. Quas is Senior Researcher in Corporate Finance at Universita degli Studi di Milano. Alperovych is Associate Professor of Corporate Finance at EMLYON Business School. Bellavitis is Lecturer of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the Faculty of Management and International Business of Auckland Business School at the University of Auckland. Paeleman is Assistant Professor at the University of Antwerp. Kamuriwo is Associate Professor in Strategy in the Cass Business School at City, University of London. Index.

- Features interdisciplinary expertise from economics, law, technology and social science on the practice of co-creation - Provides best-practices and management approaches to successful co-creation - Enables research-based and practice-relevant understanding of the background and concepts around co-creation

Cet article étudie les caractéristiques des structures de transfert technologique et des laboratoires d’innovation ouverte gérés par les universités et organismes de recherche. Il compare leurs rôles comme intermédiaires des relations science–entreprises en fonction des modes 2 et 3 de production des connaissances proposés par Etzkowitz & al (1997) et Carayannis & al (2009). Basée sur une comparaison de cas multiples en France, nous analysons leur rôle dans le développement des relations science-entreprise. Cet article identifie aussi les modes de coordination entre ces deux types d’intermédiaires. Dans certains cas, ils coordonnent leurs activités de manière ponctuelle alors que, dans d’autres cas, la complémentarité de leurs activités s’organise sur la durée.

La multiplication des innovations techno-scientifiques marque de façon toute particulière le monde contemporain. Quel statut doit-on leur accorder? L’espace actuel de la réflexion critique ne les rend-il pas d’emblée suspectes, sujettes à condamnation, coupables d’une perte de lien social et d’humanité? Axées sur l’efficacité, porteuses d’uniformisation et de contraintes à l’expression du subjectif, ces innovations ne sont-elles pas, par nature, déshumanisantes? Dans cet article, l’auteure tente d’ouvrir d’autres espaces de réflexion pour penser les techno-sciences et la façon dont elles interviennent dans le débat sur la déshumanisation et la réhumanisation. Tirant profit d’une recherche à travers laquelle elle a suivi le travail d’invention d’une nouvelle méthode contraceptive, l’auteure fait valoir la portée, mais aussi les difficultés, d’une démarche qui met en doute les frontières apparemment hermétiques et infranchissables entre ce qui relève du monde des choses et ce qui relève de l’humain.

La Maison de l'innovation sociale (MIS) a pour mission d'éliminer les obstacles qui se dressent entre une idée à impact social positif et sa mise en oeuvre. L’innovation sociale est une approche qui permet de s’attaquer de manière intégrée aux problèmes complexes et de tirer profit du plein potentiel des communautés, d’une meilleure utilisation de leurs actifs et de leurs ressources, tout en renforçant simultanément leur capacité d’action pour favoriser leur émancipation. N’est-ce pas là la clé d’un avenir meilleur ?

Dans le cadre des parcours d’accompagnement et des services offerts par la MIS, nous proposons divers outils afin de soutenir les porteurs et porteuses de projets à fort impact social et environnemental.

The best tools and techniques for you to grow your startup, curated by District 3. Base de données en entreprenariat et innovation sociale

Nous présentons dans cet article les résultats d’une enquête sur les politiques publiques de régulation de l’intelligence artificielle et en particulier sur les stratégies mises en œuvre dans des cadres socio-politiques aux échelles nationales, européennes et internationales. La France a créé des instances dans lesquels des « frottements » entre acteurs différents sont possibles, comme les groupes d’experts ou le Partenariat Mondial sur l’Intelligence Artificielle. Nous considérons que le travail de la part de l’ensemble des groupes sociaux, impliqués dans les instances que nous observons, est consubstantiel à la régulation. Les acteurs publics et privés s’organisent pour échanger et interagir de façon structurée, notamment par la mise en place de ces instances, comme le PMIA. Les dispositifs et instruments, auxquels les différents acteurs participent, contribuent à conférer un sens aux activités de régulation. Notre hypothèse repose sur l’émergence d’un « modèle français » de la régulation qui tend à promouvoir la « confiance » et dont le sens est de parvenir à l’acceptabilité sociale de l’IA.

À seulement dix ans de l’échéance fixée pour atteindre les Objectifs de développement durable (ODD), les agences et organisations de développement ont besoin d’innover rapidement dans leurs approches en matière de processus décisionnels et de résolution des problèmes. De nouveaux enseignements et de nouvelles conceptions, nés des usages émergents des technologies, peuvent servir de vecteurs à certaines innovations. Ce document d’orientation applique le nouveau paradigme des intelligences – qui comprend l’intelligence des données, l’intelligence artificielle, l’intelligence collective et l’intelligence incorporée – pour présenter une vue d’ensemble des risques et bénéfices associés à différents usages émergents des technologies aux praticiens du développement ainsi qu’aux responsables et décideurs politiques. Ces analyses sont, dans la mesure du possible, illustrées d’exemples issus du terrain. Nous recommandons dans ce Policy Paper de créer un cadre décisionnel pour aider les praticiens à déterminer s’ils doivent investir dans des technologies émergentes et comment ces dernières peuvent être efficacement mises au service des objectifs de développement. Cette première itération du cadre décisionnel cherche à définir précisément les objectifs de développement pertinents tout en prenant en compte le contexte existant avant d’aborder la question des solutions en évaluant la maturité, les défis, les implications financières et les risques posés par l’usage des technologies, ainsi que la présence de facteurs limitants et de catalyseurs qui pourraient en moduler l’impact et l’adéquation.

Potential contributions of universities to social innovation are explored with special attention to Southern countries. The normative guide is the notion of Sustainable Human Development understood as stressing the agency of least-advantaged sectors. The main challenges stem from decreasing sustainability and increasing inequality. Their impacts are highly dependent on how the tension between economic growth and environmental protection is managed. Improving actual perspectives demands harnessing advanced knowledge to foster inclusive and frugal innovation. For this to occur, universities need to be main actors. The context in which they act is analyzed with reference to the National Systems of Innovation conceptualization. Possible evolutions of universities as agents of social innovation are discussed with the aid of the Multi-Level Perspective. The importance of the Southern experience of innovating in scarcity conditions is highlighted and illustrated with the specific experience of a Latin American university. The cooperation of universities with weak social actors in ways that involve advanced knowledge appears as a key theoretical issue and as a difficult practical problem for the effective engagement of universities in social innovation. The diverse issues that such engagement needs to integrate conform an ambitious research program, of which the paper aims at giving a first glimpse.

Social innovation is conceptualised as having two intimately related pillars: institutional innovation and locally embedded innovation, in the sense of social economy. Two main research questions were addressed: how political, institutional innovation is fostered and how does it influence social economy? A mixed methods research was conducted in the Mühlviertel NUTS3 region. Despite a framework of enhanced autonomy and institutional innovation for the main stakeholders, both macro and micro analysis illustrate a lack of intermediate space to: a) link the innovative agenda to high-state political agendas, and b) link institutional innovation to social economy.

L’histoire a vu son lot d’innovations technologiques et scientifiques dans toutes les époques et sphères de la société : dans les sciences, le transport, les infrastructures, la technologie, les communications et d’autres encore.

The world is witnessing an unprecedented disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic in almost all spheres of socio-economic activity. This black swan moment is unprecedented since the advent of the Industrial Revolution. Simultaneously, there is a shift towards effective use of data and technology. There is an exponential increase in the quantum of data collected and has subsequently necessitated a paradigm shift in the functioning of Industry 4.0. Data intelligence, data science, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep assimilation of nuanced knowledge revolutionize business and society worldwide. This heralds a potential transition towards data-intensive economies, governments, industrial and social sectors. The accelerated pace of data processing, data intelligence, and analytics encompasses business intelligence, data sciences and machine learning. The spectrum of such upheavals and associated technological transitions is a watershed moment and impacts business and social transformations. In the paper on the role of data in the social realm (Technology as a catalyst for sustainable social business: Advancing the research agenda, 2019). Ashraf et al. opine that “Despite its immense potentials as a sustainable and innovative means to solve specific social problems, the basic concept of the social business model remains unclear to many”. In recent times there has been an inconsistent approach towards social business research. Subsequently, the contemporary business scenario is yet to optimally capitalize on the advantages of the Social Business concept and address the divergent socio-economic and ecological issues worldwide, with profits intact. This should in no way dilute profit maximization for optimizing socio-economic benefits for value creation and sustainability. “Although the social enterprise is often considered to have positive future potential, it is currently underdeveloped” (Bell, 2003). Therefore, social entrepreneurship should generate and ensure nuanced and effective innovations, addressing underserved needs. In contemporary times, tools harnessing Big Data are becoming widely applied, leading to a huge reservoir of untapped diverse data. This subsequently creates an immense opportunity to accelerate the use of Big Data towards social good and sustainability. Though this is a recent trend, it indeed holds promise in the post-COVID world that would be privy to unprecedented socio-economic upheavals and an increased need to address issues of humankind for greater global welfare. In the recent past, diverse data sets have created large-scale solutions in diverse spheres ranging from weather forecasts to airline tickets. Insightful correlations and Big Data go hand in hand and hold the key to several complicated pressing social issues. Therefore, a new crop of social entrepreneurs in public health, social welfare, and humanitarian relief would surely emerge by default. Therefore, it is all the more relevant to make sense of a deluge of Big Data towards alleviating a disease, ecological imbalance, war, and most importantly, the patterns to cope with the disease and its aftermath. This chapter proposes anticipating and predicting the immense possibilities of optimizing Big Data and digitization as key critical drivers of empirical simulation and troubleshooting. Good governance, inclusive society, elimination of corruption, and streamlining policy measures would emerge as default collectives of such social entrepreneurial ventures. The chapter would draw inferences from such models of socially inclined data analytics by data scientists, leading to relevant social models of significance. Implications of the chapter would be to assuage the fault lines, draw inferences from the past, and delve into the plausibility and relevance of Big Data to replicate and innovate socially relevant models to map bigger social issues. This, of course, should have embedded benchmarks of equality, ethics, and empowerment while processing Big Data for a greater social good in a post-COVID world gaping at us.

Context Partnership between patients and health-care professionals (HCPs) is a concept that needs a valid, practical measure to facilitate its use by patients and HCPs. Objective To co-construct a tool for measuring the degree of partnership between patients and HCPs. Design The CADICEE tool was developed in four steps: (1) generate key dimensions of patient partnership in clinical care; (2) co-construct the tool; (3) assess face and content validity from patients’ and HCPs’ viewpoints; and (4) assess the usability of the tool and explore its measurement performance. Results The CADICEE tool comprises 24 items under 7 dimensions: 1) relationship of Confidence or trust between the patient and the HCPs; 2) patient Autonomy; 3) patient participation in Decisions related to care; 4) shared Information on patient health status or care; 5) patient personal Context; 6) Empathy; and 7) recognition of Expertise. Assessment of the tool's usability and measurement performance showed, in a convenience sample of 246 patients and relatives, high face validity, acceptability and relevance for both patients and HCPs, as well as good construct validity. Conclusions The CADICEE tool is developed in co-construction with patients to evaluate the degree of partnership in care desired by patients in their relationship with HCPs. The tool can be used in various clinical contexts and in different health-care settings. Patient or Public Contribution Patients were involved in determining the importance of constructing this questionnaire. They co-constructed it, pre-tested it and were part of the entire questionnaire development process. Three patients participated in the writing of the article.

In the past twenty years, innovation has slowly, but steadily, become an important presence in development cooperation discourse and practice. The ambitious UN 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda has accelerated this trend, providing a strong framework for the main argument in favour of an innovation agenda for international development: without new ideas and innovative solutions, solving the current global development challenges will not be possible. Although this innovation-push is in line with a wider predominant view of innovation as an inherently positive force of progress, that alone does not explain when, how, and why innovation becomes a key topic in the field. This paper seeks to fill this gap in the literature, providing an initial overview of innovation in development cooperation in the post-2000s. It argues, firstly, that innovation has always been part of international development policy and practice. Secondly, it links the recent strengthening of the innovation discourse to three trends in the systemic transformation of the field: the triumph of metrics-based agendas, the ICTs and digitalization revolutions, and the role of private sector actors. It concludes by critically assessing the implications of this narrative in changing the politics of innovation towards more inclusive sustainable development policies and practices.

Social entrepreneurship is today an imperative across the world. The scarcity of resources, the needs of the growing population, and the growing burden on the environment have made people realize a need for organizations that can be profitable while bringing positive change in society and the environment. Sustainable, out-of-the-box solutions are required for solving social challenges. The onus of providing these solutions are often taken by aspiring entrepreneurs, who see opportunity in the challenges and are willing to take risks to create innovative and effective solutions for society’s benefit. The chapter elucidates the meaning of social entrepreneurship, the difference between commercial and social entrepreneurship, the models of social enterprises in practice, and the recommended methodology to evaluate social impact. The chapter features international case studies (through secondary research) and cases about social entrepreneurs who have dramatically improved the lives of people while being financially sustainable – an organization like SELCO Solar Lights Private Ltd, ARMAAN, Yellow Leaf and Arvind Eye Hospital, and many others have provided solutions for the economically weaker section of society. Many of these new-age social entrepreneurs use Big Data and artificial intelligence to ensure that their initiatives create greater social change. Some of these initiatives are highlighted in the chapter.

The establishment of empathy is the premise and foundation for diverse innovative proposals and problem solutions. Virtual reality has provided a full range of depth and breadth for the establishment of empathy in many different types of fields due to its immersive, interactive, and imaginative characteristics. In this study, bibliometric analysis and VOSviewer software are used to cluster and visualize relevant 190 articles from the Web of Science core collection. The essay proposes a positioning of how to apply virtual reality on empathy based on two dimensions, from internal world to external world, and from business innovation to social innovation, by integrating each two of them, four application methods are summarized, which are meaning shaping, value creation, individual satisfaction, and self-realization. What's more, using the bibliometric analysis result as a basis, the application landscape of virtual reality technology for establishing empathy has been constructed, including individual level, society level, and nature level, which reveals the existing and coming possibilities of using VR technology on building empathy in different fields. Last but not least, the paper has discussed the impact of virtual reality for empathy-building from five aspects, economy, politics, culture, society, and ecology. The efforts of this study reveal the VR tendency and have important reference significance for promoting the application of virtual reality technology in creating empathy and innovation in different fields.

Ethical, social and environmental accounting is the practice of assessing organisations' performances in sustainability and business ethics topics. The organisations typically publish the results in a sustainability or non-financial report. We aim at offering a novel perspective from which researchers investigate, practitioners apply and policy-makers regulate ethical, social and environmental accounting (ESEA). The large quantity of ESEA methods and tools causes managerial problems, affecting the identity of social enterprises and complicating policy making. We will develop a domain-specific modelling language to specify existing ESEA methods and capture the advantages of model-driven engineering. We will create a repository where method models can be stored. These models contain the data structure and configuration of the methods. We will also develop openESEA, a run-time model interpreter that automatically executes ESEA method models. We will offer features to allow organisations to tailor the methods to their needs, to support model management operations, and to compare existing methods to inform policy makers about their similarities and differences. This project combines expertise in information science and social entrepreneurship with the intention to pave the way to future research avenues in ESEA and, eventually, to profound changes towards a fair and sustainable economy.